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1.?主系(be)表(n./adj./num./pron./短語)

She is a teacher.

She is young.

She is No. one.

The computer is mine.

She is at home.

There is a pen on the desk.

2.?主謂(實意動詞)賓(n./num./pron./短語)

I drink cold tea.

3.主謂??I swim.

4.雙賓語 ?主謂+間賓+直賓 ? ?make/buy/order sb.?sth.

eg:? ????+sb.??+sth. ? ?make/buy/order sth.?for sb.

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give sb. sth. =give sth. to?sb.

Give me a book.=Give a book to me.

5.主謂賓+賓補

eg:

Keep the room warm.

I?find you beautiful.

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be/系動詞

實意動詞： 及物動詞vt. + 賓語

不及物動詞vi. + 介詞 + 賓語

不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)

助動詞 ?do/have

情態(tài)動詞 ?+do

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時態(tài)

1.現(xiàn)在進行時

am/is/are+doing(動名詞/現(xiàn)在分詞)

現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動作；

表示這段/短時間要發(fā)生的動作

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The?doctor is curing?the patient.

She is withdrawing(取) money from bank.

She is getting divorced.

I’m coming.

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2.一般將來時

will/shall(第一人稱)+do;

be going to do;

be about to do

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The?doctor will cure the patient.

The doctor is going to cure the patient.

The doctor is about to cure the patient.

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3.?將來進行時?(客氣的語氣)

will/shall+be+doing

你、您

eg:

She will be withdrawing money from the bank.

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4.一般現(xiàn)在時

陳述事實；It is cloudy?today.

經(jīng)常反復發(fā)生的動作；

客觀真理

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am/is/are

do/does

She frequently(經(jīng)常) withdraws money from the bank.

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5.一般過去時

was/were

did

used to do??過去常常

eg:

She was ugly.=?She used to be ugly.

She withdrew money from the bank yesterday.

She?used to withdraw money from the bank.

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6.現(xiàn)在完成時

have/has(助動詞)+done

過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響

eg:

I haven’t?spent all the money yet.

動作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能持續(xù)到未來

eg:

She has?just?withdrawn money 3 times.

???????So?far，?she?has had a bath since 2 hours ago.

標志：

already 已經(jīng)（肯陳，實意動詞前）

yet 已經(jīng)，還，仍然（否定/疑問句，句尾）

since+時間點 =???for+時間段

just??剛剛 ?實意動詞前

so far/up to now/till now ?迄今為止 ?句首

recently?= lately ?最近

by+now

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have/has been to… 去過。。。（回來）

have/has gone to… 去了。。。（未回）

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--I have been to XJHZ 5 times.

--She has gone to washroom.

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7.現(xiàn)在完成進行時

have/has been+doing

從過去某一時間開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，必須持續(xù)到未來

不能與次數(shù)相關的動作搭配

eg:

The policemen have been looking for the murderer for a week.

We have been fighting against the Coronavirus for 2 months.

The firemen have been fighting against the fire for 6 hours.

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8.將來完成時

will/shall+have+done

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表示動作結束在將來

by+將來的時間

by:到…為止

eg:

We shall have finished English class by the end of November.

The?workers will have completed the bridge by May.

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9.將來完成進行時 ?屬于將來完成時

will/shall have been doing

by+將來的時間

表示預計某一動作到將來，不結束繼續(xù)進行

eg:

I will have been working in the company for 2 decades by the end of this year.

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10.過去進行時?(過去持續(xù))

過去時間內某一持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)

也可以表示在當時正要發(fā)生的

was/were+doing

eg:

I was having a bath from 6 to 8 yesterday evening.

放在時間狀語從句中居多

引導詞/關系詞：when、while、as ?當......時

注意：while接持續(xù)的動作不能接瞬間的動作

eg:

I was having a bath when/as?someone knocked at the door.

While?I was having a bath, someone knocked at the door.

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While he was crossing the road, he was hit by a bus.

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11.過去完成時?(過去的過去)

had done

O—————O—————O

過完 ????過去 ????現(xiàn)在

注意區(qū)分：

before 在......之前 ?+過去

after 在......之后 +過完

兩個動作發(fā)生在過去的前提條件下

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I?had?got up before?I?started class.

After?I?had?got up,?I?started class.

太陽落下之后，我們回酒店了。

set

The sun had?set before we went back to the hotel.

eg:

We had had lunch, before we started class.

After we had had lunch, we started class.

After he had got drunk, he went to bed.

by+過去的時間，用過去完成時

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12.過去完成進行時

had been doing

O———持續(xù)———O—————O

過完進 ????????過去 ????現(xiàn)在

eg:

He asked how long you had been waiting for.

The Sleeping Beauty had been sleeping before the prince kissed her. ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

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被動語態(tài)

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“被” ?be done????標志詞：by

1.一般現(xiàn)在時

am/is/are done

eg:

Mom educates the child. → The child is educated by his mom.

The football match is postponed by the chairman.

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2.一般過去時

was/were done

eg:

The child was educated by his mom yesterday.

The football match was postponed by the chairman yesterday.

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3.現(xiàn)在進行時

am/is/are being done

eg:

The child is being educated by his mom.

The football match is being postponed by the chairman.

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4.過去進行時

was/were being done

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5.一般將來時

will/shall be done

eg:

The child will be educated by his mom.

The football match will be postponed by the chairman.

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6.現(xiàn)在完成時

have/has been done

eg:

The football match has been postponed by the chairman.

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7.過去完成時

had been done

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8.將來完成時

will/shall have been done

eg:

The football match will have been postponed by the end of next week?by the chairman.

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賓語從句

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eg:

I believe I can touch the sky.

關系詞：that?(無意義、可省)、whether?(是否)、if?(是否)

只能用whether的情況： 從句出現(xiàn) ...or not

介賓

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eg:

I wonder whether/if he can touch the sky.

I wonder how much salary you earn/make a month.

I wonder what time you went home last night.

I wonder where you are?

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Mon asked if/whether you had finished your homework.

I'm unhappy that we don't have class this evening.

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主系表+that 賓語從句

表語：人情感的形容詞：happy、sorry、sad、afraid、embarrassed、upset

eg:

I am happy that the Mid-Autumn Day is coming.

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主語從句

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what ?......的東西/事情

that ?無意義、不可省

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定語從句

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eg:

new people at the party

the woman with red umbrella

new people who quarreled(吵架) with me

先行詞 ?“......的”

eg:

I walked the dog at the park this morning.

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引導詞/關系代詞 ???關系代詞=先行詞

who ? 人?(主格)

whom ? 人?(賓格)

whose ? ......的?(屬格)

which ? 物

that ? 物/人

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eg:

正在賣雞蛋的人是我的鄰居。

The man who is selling eggs is my neighbor.

eg:

He is writing to the friend who lives in USA.

I know the actor (whom) you like.

I know a friend whose father is a doctor.

Give me the book whose cover is blue.

I lost the watch (which) my father gave me.

This is the hotel at?which I stay last year.

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定語從句中，介詞后面不能加that

eg:

He is the friend with?whom plays me.

介詞后who變成whom

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只能用that的情況

1.當先行詞是不定代詞時，只能用that

eg:

I have told you everything (that) I know.

2.當先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時，只能用that

eg:

This is the best/first movie (that) I have seen.

3.當先行詞被no, all, only, same, any, much等修飾時，只能用that

eg:

Man is the only creature that is gifted(天賦v.?禮物n.) with speech.

He is the only criminal (that) the policemen are looking for.

關系副詞

when = 介詞+which

where = 介詞+which

why (reason) =?for which

eg:

I can't forget the day on which/when?I met you.

具體日子用on

eg:

I can't forget the day. ?I met you on the day.

I can't forget the class room in which/where?I met you.

eg:

I want to know the reason why you were late.

非限定性定語從句 “?, ”

which / as

eg:

The fool always thinks he is clever, as we all know.

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虛擬語氣

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if 真實性

非真實—虛擬

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????????????? if從句 ??????? 主句

與現(xiàn)在相反 ?were/did ???? would/should/could/might + do

與過去相反 ?had done ??? would/should/could/might?+ have done

與將來相反 ?were to do ??? would/should/could/might?+ do

??????????? ?should do

eg：

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????????If he had money, he would lend it to you.

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Had you bought a house last year, you shouldn't have rented a house.

If he had not been rude to you, you might not have been so angry.

were I not to have class tomorrow, I should sleep at home.

???????? ????↑?系動詞后面

If you had not drunk so much beer last night, you couldn't be awful now.

過去、現(xiàn)在

should I not take test /exam the next year, I would have looked for a job.

將來、過去

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would have done

should have done

could have done

might have done

need have done

本......

eg:

I need have gone to the hospital.

???????You couldn’t have lied to him.

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must have done ?對過去事實肯定的推測 （過去）一定是，肯定是

can’t have done ??對過去事實否定的推測 ?（過去）不一定是，不可能是

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He?must have smoked

You must have gone out yesterday.

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You?can’t have seen Mary last week.

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主句中出現(xiàn)建議、要求、命令、堅持、重要、lest(以免、以防)時，從句用(should) do表示虛擬

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She made the demand that she _________(leave) at once.

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I?suggest that he _made___(make) a mistake.

I?suggest that he __try__(try) it again.

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wish + that從句(虛擬)

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現(xiàn)在 were/did

過去 had done

將來 would、should、could、might + do

did (備胎)

eg:

I wish that it were true.

I wish that I hadn't been late.

I wish that you would come with us tomorrow.

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would rather / sooner?+從句

I?would?rather I didn’t have a son like you.

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if only ?要是......就好了

要不是 but for + 詞

but that + 句子

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it's time + 從句 (用過去時表示虛擬)

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eg:

It's time you got up.

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if引導的虛擬語氣的從句中，出現(xiàn)had、should、were時，可省略if，將had、should、were提句首構成倒裝

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狀語從句

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1.原因狀語從句

since、for、as、because、in that、seeing that ???因為

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Since?he?helped me, I appreciated him.

eg:

Seeing that we pay for sth. by we?chat, we hardly do it by cash.

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2.結果狀語從句

so...形容詞/副詞...that...

such...名詞...that... ??? ?如此......以至于......

eg:

Alipay is so convenient that we don't use cash.

It's such healthy food that it's expensive.

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She was so angry that she didn’t say a word.

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3.目的狀語從句

無論誰引導后面都有情態(tài)動詞

so that...+情態(tài)動詞 ? 句中

in order that...+情態(tài)動詞 ?為了 句中/首

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so as to do= in order to do

eg:

I study hard so that I can pass the exam next year.

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4.方式狀語從句

as、(look常) like、as if、as though、in the way... ?像......一樣、以......方式

eg:

When in Rome, do as Romans do. ?入鄉(xiāng)隨俗

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?????He acted as if he hadn’t known me.

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5.條件狀語從句

if、supposing、provided(假如)、in case、as long as、on the condition (that)

eg:

On the condition that you can save my computer well, I'll lend it to you.

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6.時間狀語從句

when、while (持續(xù)性的)、as ?同時

the moment = when

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before+過去、after+過完

no sooner...than... ???一......就 ???半倒裝

hardly...when...

scarcely...when...

過完 ?過去時

had done+ + did

eg:

After the children had broken the window, they ran away.

The children had no sooner broken the window?than they ran away.

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7.讓步狀語從句

as(可以引導四個從句)、 ? ? ?although (句首)、though、even if、even though

必須倒裝：形容詞/名詞(冠詞省略)+as

??????????動詞(原型)+as+主語+情態(tài)動詞

??????????副詞+as

eg:

Although he is young, he is a CEO of a company.

Young as he is, he is a CEO of a company.

Though she is a child, she can cook.

Even if he can drive, he takes bus to work.

Even though she loves him much, she never considers marrying him.

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非謂語動詞

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doing 主動

done 被動

to do 目的、即將

eg:

I bought a magazine to kill the time.

Buying?a magazine,?I killed the time.

Destroyed in the war, the city has been rebuilt.

動作(先做)，主句動作(后做)

having done

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倒裝

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－全倒裝－

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1.表示方位的介詞短語放句首

eg:

My cup is on the desk.

On the desk?is my cup.

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2.here/there/up/down/in/out/thus(因此)等放句首

eg:

The bus comes here.

Here comes the bus.

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－半倒裝－

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1.否定詞或帶有否定意義的詞放在句首

not/never/hardly/scarcely/seldom/rarely/little/nowhere

no sooner...than...

hardly...when...

scarcely...when...

eg:

The children had no sooner broken the window than they ran away.

No sooner?had the children broken the window than they ran away.

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2.被only修飾的部分放句首

eg:

John can improve his English only in this way.

Only in this way?can John improve his English.

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3.so...that/such...that中把so/such放句首

eg:

Alipay is so convenient that we don't use cash.

So convenient?is?Alipay?that we don't use cash.

It's such health food that it's expensive.

Such health food?is it that it's expensive.

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4. so/neither(nor)引導的簡短回答

??so/neither+系/助/情態(tài)動詞+主語

??某人也是、某人也不是

eg:

A：I don't pay by cash.

B：Neither do we.

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5.if 引導的虛擬語氣的從句，出現(xiàn)were，had，should時，省略if，將were，had，should放句首構成半倒裝

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1. consider doing ? ? 考慮做某事 ?

2. be considered to do ? ?被認為

3. generally ? ? ? 普通的 ? ?4. several ? ? 幾個

5. terrible ? ? ? 嚴重的 ? ?6. unfortunately ? ?不幸的

7. need have done ? ? 本需要

8. needn't have done ? ? 本不必

9. mustn't ? ? ? 禁止 ? ?10. needn't ? ? 不必

11. think over ? ? ?思考

12. the following week = the next week

13. further ? ? ? 深一層的

14. further study?abroad ? ?出國深造

15. only to ? ? ? 沒料到、竟然會

16. solar energy ? ? ?太陽能

17. For Sale ? ? ? 待售

18. notice ? ? ? 招牌

19. take down ? ? ?摘下

20. observation ? ? ?觀察 ? ?21. station ? ? 駐地、站

22. assignment ? ? ?作業(yè)、任務 ? 23. remote ? ? 遙遠的

24. settle down ? ? ?定居

25. direction ? ? ? 方向 ? ?26. demand ? ? 要求

27. at once ? ? ? 立刻、馬上

28. withdraw ? ? ??。ㄥX） ? 29. postpone ? ?延期

30. frequently ? ? ?經(jīng)常

31. many = many a

32. suggest ? ? ? 暗示另

33. escaped doing ? ? 逃避做某事

34. suicide ? ? ? 自殺

35. narrowly ? ? ? 仔細的、勉強的

36. need to be done = need doing ?需要做

37. prevent sb. from doing sth. ? 防止 ?

38. seem to do ? ? ?看起來好像

39. be believed/supposed/thought/regarded/considered to do????被認為

40. means ? ? ? 方法

41. every ×× ?后面的用單數(shù)

42. knowledgeable ? ? 知識淵博的

43. eloquent ? ? ? 雄辯的

44. enthusiasm ? ? ?熱情的

45. exist ? ? ? ?存在

46. adequate ? ? ?適當?shù)?/p>

47. measure ? ? ? 措施

48. prevent ? ? ? 衡量另

49. doubt ?懷疑、不確定 ???之后的賓語從句陳述句用whether/if

之后的賓語從句疑問句或否定句用that

50. has nothing to do with sb. ? 與某人無關

51. be aware of ? ? ?知道

52. be worried about ? ? 擔心

53. speech sounds ? ? 語音、語調

1. worry sb.←擔心者 ? ?使某人擔心

2. satisfy sb. ? ? ?令某人滿意

3. do with ? ? ? 處理、利用、相處

4. dare ?敢 ?實意v. ?dare to do

情態(tài)v. ?dare do

5. orphan ? ? ? 孤兒

6. have a respect for sb. ? ?對某人表示尊敬

7. sincere ? ? ? 誠摯的、真誠的 ?8. outstanding ? ?杰出的

9. shiver ? ? ? 顫抖 ? ?10. field ? ? ?領域

11. restful ? ? ? 安逸

12. take course ? ? ?上課

13. be supposed to do ? ? 被認為

14. be pleased with ? ? 對......高興

15. accept ? ? ? 接受、承認 ? 16. criticism ? ? 批評

17. in the way ? ? ?以......方式/方法

18. crowd ? ? ? 擁擠 ? ?19. carriage ? ? 車廂

20. adj. + n-ed ?eg: blue + eyed

21. equip ? ? ? 裝備 ? ?22. exhibition ? ?展覽

23. marvelous ? ? ?了不起

24. most + 名詞

25. each ?用于單數(shù)

26. It's/was...that/who...????強調句

27. be rude to sb. ? ? ?對某人粗魯

28. terribly ? ? ? 非常的

29. be interested in ? ? 對......感興趣

30. or so ? ? ? 大約、大概

31. intend to do ? ? ?打算

32. electricity ? ? ?電力

33. weren't for = but for = without ?要不是

34. try to do ? ? ? 努力

35. try doing ? ? ? 嘗試

36. failed ? ? ? 不成功的 ? 37. rise ? ? ?升起

38. strict ? ? ? 嚴格的 ? ?39. request ? ? 請求

40. weeknight ? ? ?工作日夜晚

41. discover ? ? ? 發(fā)現(xiàn) ? ?42. invent ? ? 發(fā)明、創(chuàng)造

43. if only ? ? ? 要是......

44. take one's advice ? ? 聽建議

45. glad ? ? ? ?高興的 ? ?46. compass ? ? 指南針

47. It's high time... ? ? 正是......時

48. instead of ? ? ?代替、而不是

49. but that ? ? ? 要不是

50. suppose ? ? ? 假如、假設

51. expenditure ? ? ?支出 ? ?52. support ? ? 支持

53. get down to do ? ? 開始著手做某事

54. had better do/not do ?

55. plant ? ? ? 工廠、植物

56. call on = visit ? ? ?參觀、拜訪

1. would have done ? ? 本將要

2. should have done ? ? 本應該

3. need to do/need do ? ?需要

4. since ? ? ? 因為

5. must （沒有過去時態(tài)）= have to 不能不、必須

had to 必須

6.?must have done ?對過去的事的肯定推測：一定是、當時肯定是

7. can't have done ?對過去的事的否定推測：不一定是、不可能是

8. call for ? ? ? 要求

9. risky ? ? ? ?危險、冒險的

10. couldn't have done ? ?本不能夠

11. shouldn't have done ? ?本不應該

12. be superior to ? ? ?比……優(yōu)越

13. in spite of ? ? ?盡管????＋詞（名/代/動名詞）/短語

14. even though ? ? ?盡管

15. managed to do ? ? 想方設法

16. in case ? ? ? 以防萬一

17. for fear that ? ? ?唯恐（害怕）

18. impatient ? ? ?沒耐心的 ? 19. patient ? ? 耐心adj./病人n.

20. urge ? ? ? ?勸說（竭盡全力）

21. as soon as ? ? ?一……就

22. fine ? ? ? ?罰款

23. practiced medicine ? ?行醫(yī)

24. result in ? ? ? 導致

25. total ? ? ? ?完全 ? ?26. blindness ? ?失明

27. not…but… ? ? ?不是……而是

28. seasick ? ? ? 暈船 ? ?29. homesick ? ?想家

30. as…as… （同級） ? ?像……一樣

31. as far as?+ 從句 ? ? 最大限度的

32. so long as = as long as ? ?只要

33. meanwhile ? ? ?與此同時

34. dream of doing sth.

35. now that ? ? ? 既然、由于

36. scarcely ? ? ? 幾乎不 ? ?37. socialist ? ? 社會學家

38. in sympathy ? ? ?同情

39. despite ? ? ? 盡管

40. as is often the case ? ?情況往往如此

41. such…as… ? ? ?例如、像

42. burst into tears ? ? 突然大哭起來

43. murderer ? ? ?兇手 ? ?44. tie ? ? ?領帶n./綁V.

45. bring in ? ? ? 帶進來

46. among ? ? ? 在……之中 ? 47. publisher ? ? 出版商

48. steal ? ? ? 偷

49. kick ? ? ? ?踢、用腳踢

50. make out ? ? ? 起草、弄清楚

51. writing ? ? ? 注重用手寫 ? 52. saying ? ? 強調說話的內容

53. telling ? ? ? 強調說 ?別人聽 ?54. speaking ? ? 強調說的動作

1. 形容詞后加動詞to do形式????例：nice to meet you

2. make sb. do ? ? ?迫使……、叫某人做某事

3. make sb.?done ? ? 使某人被……

4. lead to ? ? ? 導致

5. take a turn for ? ? 變、轉

6. as for/as to ? ? ?至于、關于

7. seeing that = because

8. ignore ? ? ? 忽視、無知 ? 9. value ? ? 價值

10. paper ? ? ? 論文另 ? ?11. examination ? ?檢查

12. experiment ? ? ?實驗 ? ?13. prescription ? ?處方

14. best seller ? ? ?暢銷

15. latest ? ? ? 最新

16. at an early date ? ? 盡快

17. the key to ? ? ?……的鍵

18. couldn't help doing sth. ? ?情不自禁

19. diseases ? ? ? 疾病 ? ?20. threaten ? ? 威脅

21. either ???兩者之一 ???句尾否定“也、同樣”

22. either…or… ? ? ?兩者之一 1

23. both…and… ? ? ?兩者都 ?2

24. neither…nor…（用單數(shù)） ? 兩者都不 0

25. all ???>=3

26. none ???=0 ? ? ?三者或以上都不

27. would have done ? ? 本將要

28. should have done ? ? 本應該

29. must have done ? ? 當時一定是

30. unlike ???介詞 ? ? 不像 ? ?31. dislike ???動詞 ? 不喜歡

32. be likely to do… ? ? 很可能做某件事

33. in-crease ? ? ? 上升

34. de-crease ? ? ?下降

35. decline ? ? ? 下降

36. result in ? ? ? 導致

37. obtain ? ? ? 得到

38. be supposed to do ? ? 應該

39. state ? ? ? 表達 ? ?40. factor ? ? 因素、方面

41. rise up ? ? ? 上升

42. hold ? ? ? ?把握

43. get along with = deal with ? 相處

44. when it comes to ? ? 一談到

45. personality ? ? ?個性 ? ?46. equip ? ? 裝備、工具

47. be aware of ? ? ?意識到

48. promote ? ? ? 晉升 ? ?49. pursuing ? ? 追求

50. perform ? ? ? 表現(xiàn) ? ?51. accomplish ? ?完成

52. goal ? ? ? ?目標 ? ?53. direction ? ? 方面

54. feedback ? ? ? 反饋、成果 ? 55. effective ? ? 有效的

56. observe ? ? ? 保留、觀察 ? 57. gracefully ? ?溫和

58. view sth. as ? ? ?把……視為

59. in short ? ? ? 簡而言之

1. imply ? ? ? 暗示 ? ?2. profit ? ? 利潤

3. this is not the case ? ? 并非如此

4. hold sb.?up ? ? ?耽誤

5. as…as ? ? ? 像……一樣

6. far from ? ? ? 遠離

7. to some extent ? ? 在某些方面/程度

8. material ? ? ? 材料

9. consist of ? ? ?由……組成

10. shaped ? ? ? 各種形態(tài)的

11. put simply ? ? ?簡而言之

12. tool ? ? ? ?工具 ? ?13. keystone ? ? 重點

14. on the other hand ? ? 另一方面

15. in the…sense ? ? ?在某種意義上

16. representation ? ? 代表 ? ?17. comprise ? ? 包含

18. approach ? ? ? 方法、方式 ? 19. interact ? ? 相互影響

20. one another = each other

21. unique ? ? ? 獨特的 ? ?22. arise ? ? 出現(xiàn)

23. merely =相當于= only ? ?僅僅

24. pronunciation ? ? ?語言 ? ?25. idiom ? ? 俗語

26. inseparable ? ? ?不可分割的

27. result from ? ? ?歸因于

28. regardless ? ? ?不管不顧

29. the answer to ? ? ?……的回答

30. amused ? ? ? 搞笑的 ? ?31. appeal ? ? 懇求

32. awkward ? ? ? 笨拙的 ? ?33. access ? ? 方法

34. take action ? ? ?采取行動

35. have difficulty (in) doing sth. ?做某件事有困難

36. evaluate ? ? ? 評價 ? ?37. examine ? ? 檢查

38. expose ? ? ? 揭露 ? ?39. embarrass ? ?尷尬

40. lecture ? ? ? 演講 ? ?41. discuss ? ? 討論

42. make sb. do ? ? ?迫使……、叫某人做某事

43. make sb.?done ? ? 使某人被……

44. seem to do ? ? ?似乎、好像

45. imagine ? ? ? 想象

46. as the?saying goes ? ? 俗話說

47. as well as ? ? ?和

48. as a result ? ? ?因此

49. as far as ? ? ? 最大限度

50. as long as ? ? ?只要

51. succeed ?v. ? ? ?success ?n.

52. successful ?adj. ? ?successfully ?adv.

53. introduce ?vt. ? ?introduction ?n.

54. leave??v. ? ? ?left ?adj. ???剩下的

55. lose??v. ? ? ?lost ?adj.

56. economy ?n. ? ? economic ?adj. ??經(jīng)濟的

economical ?adj ?節(jié)約的

57.?avoid doing ? ? ?避免

1. bore ? ? ? ?無聊

自己感到……的 ?- ed ???令人/使人……的 ?- ing

2. believe ?v. ? belief ?n.

3. be worth doing ? ? 值得做

4. ahead of time ? ? ?提前

5. a set of ? ? ? 一套

6. a large amount of ? ? 大量

7. get off ? ? ? 下車＋工具

8. get on ? ? ? 上車

9. pull up ? ? ? 停車＋工具

10. pick up ? ? ? 接

11. degree ? ? ? 學歷

12. lie－lied－lied ??lie to sb. ?說謊

lie－lay－lain ??lie in人/on物 ?躺、位于

lay－laid－laid ? ? 下蛋、放置

13. so as to ? ? ? 為了

14. have sth. done ???表示sth.是別人幫你做的

15. workmate ? ? ?同事

16. find sb. doing ? ? ?正在

17. find sb. do ? ? ?做完了

18. purpose ? ? ? 目的 ? ?19. initial ? ? 最初的

20. concern ? ? ? 擔憂 ? ?21. recommend ? ?建議

22. psychological ? ? ?心理的

23. psy~ ? ? ? ?心理的前綴

24. dramatic ? ? ? 戲劇化 ? ?25. infer ? ? ?推測

26. historic ? ? ? 歷史的 ? ?27. historical ? ? 歷史意義的

28. post-wear era ? ? ?戰(zhàn)后

29. take over ? ? ? 取代

30. relieve ? ? ? 減輕 ? ?31. routine ? ? 常規(guī)的

32. foreseen ? ? ? 預知

33. pre~ ? ? ? ?在先的前綴

34. fore~ ? ? ? 提前前綴

35. tend to do ? ? ?有……趨向

36. over trusting ? ? ?過分依賴

37. be reluctant to do ? ? 不情愿

38. indeed ? ? ? 確實

39. merely?=?simply?=?only ? ?僅僅

40. malfunction ? ? ?發(fā)生故障

41. be skeptical about ? ? 懷疑

42. substitute ? ? ?代替

43. be no point in doing sth. ? 做某件事無意義

44. rely on ? ? ? 依靠

45. go wrong ? ? ? 出問題

46. come with ? ? ?從……開始

47. seen as ? ? ? 視為

48. fundamental ? ? ?基礎

49. look back to ? ? ?回顧

1. occur with ? ? ?預到、發(fā)生 ? 2. investment ? ?投資

3. mentally ? ? ? 腦力 ? ?4. faith ? ? ?信仰

5. swept ? ? ? 清掃 ? ?6. territory ? ? 領土

7. invasion ? ? ? 侵略 ? ?8. A.D. ? ? ?公元

9. mushroom ? ? ?蘑菇 ? ?10. scene ? ? 場景

11. frequent ? ? ? 不斷的 ? ?12. invasive ? ? 侵略性

13. energetic ? ? ? 有活力的 ? 14. miserable ? ?悲慘的

15. give way to ? ? ?被取代的

16. ruin ? ? ? ?毀壞

17. Christian Church ? ? 基督教會

18. take the lead ? ? ?領導

19. shape ? ? ? 形成

20. come into being ? ? 形成

21. religion ? ? ? 宗教

22. draw the conclusion ? ?得出結論

23. adopt ? ? ? 采用 ? ?24. technique ? ?技巧

25. participated ? ? ?參與

26. act as ? ? ? 充當、擔當

27. session ? ? ? 周期 ? ?28. verbal ? ? 口頭表達

29. set on?fire ? ? ?縱火

30. no less…than ? ? ?不比……差/多達

31. not less than… ? ? ……不少于……

32. financial structure ? ? 經(jīng)濟結構

33. as…as possible ? ? 盡可能

34. spirit ? ? ? 氣息 ? ?35. abroad ? ? 在國外

36. decorate ? ? ? 裝飾 ? ?37. adore ? ? 受歡迎

38. be decorated with ? ? 用……裝點

39. Santa Claus ? ? ?圣誕老人

40. count ? ? ? 數(shù)數(shù) ? ?41. mistletoe ? ? 槲寄生

42. Fir tree ? ? ? 冷杉

43. depend upon = depend on ? 依靠

44. manual ? ? ? 手工的 ? ?45. anonymous ? ?匿名的

46. rush hour ? ? ?上下班高峰

47. chore ? ? ? 零星事物、瑣事 ?48. deliver ? ? 送

49. extra ? ? ? 額外的 ? ?50. ornament ? ?裝飾物

51. deposit ? ? ? 存

52. offer sth. to sb. ? ?

53. provide sth. for sb. ? ? 提供

54. independent for ? ? 獨立的

55. unemployment ? ? 失業(yè)

56. virtue ?n. ? ? ?美德 ? ?57. virtual ?adj. ? ?實際的

58. virtually ?adv. = in fact

59. invest??v. ???????investment ?n. 投資

60. invent ?v.????????invention ?n. 發(fā)明

61. incident ? ? ? 事故、事件

62. in harmony with ? ? 與……一致

63. fortune ? ? ? 財產(chǎn)

1. fortunate ?adj. ? ? 幸運的

2. shock ? ? ? 震驚 ? ?3. remain ? ? 保持

4. grave ? ? ? 嚴肅的

5. responsible ???responsibility ?n. 負責的

6. prosperous ? ? ?繁榮昌盛

7. surer ? ? ? 更確定的 ? 8. efficiency ? ?效率

9. promote ? ? ? 提高 ? ?10. industrialized ? ?工業(yè)化

11. ~ize ? ? ? ?～化的

12. suffer from ? ? ?遭受

13. sorts ? ? ? 類型 ? ?14. currently ? ? 目前

15. cover to cover ? ? 從頭到尾

16. supply with ? ? ?提供

17. 半系動詞 ???變得

sound、look、smell、feel、taste、remain、go、come、become、turn、get、grow

18. guarantee ? ? ?保障 ? ?19. platform ? ? 平臺

20. obtain ? ? ? 包含

21. meet sb. needs ? ? 滿足需求

22. target ? ? ? 目標 ? ?23. criteria ? ? 標準

24. General Terms and Conditions ?同意以上

25. fuel ? ? ? ?燃料 ? ?26. quality ? ? 質量

27. dynamic ? ? ? 有活力的

28. well-planned ? ? ?精心設計的

29. tram ? ? ? 電車

30. be connected to ? ? 連接

31. express bus ? ? ?公交快車

32. opera ? ? ? 歌劇 ? ?33. various ? ? 各種各樣的

34. theater ? ? ? 劇院 ? ?35. host ???? ? ?n.主人/v.主辦

36. resorts ? ? ? 避暑勝地

37. mild = temperate ? ? 溫和的、溫順的

38. rate ? ? ? ?等級、評為

39. be full of ? ? ? 充滿

40. remake ? ? ? 評論

41. can't help doing ? ? 情不自禁

42. to some degree ? ? 在某種程度上

43. apart from ? ? ?除了

44. appearance ? ? ?外表

45. be crazy for/about ? ? 為……癡迷

46. be familiar with ? ? 對……熟悉

47. as well as ? ? ?和

48. bright ? ? ? 明亮的

brighten ? ? ? 豐富多彩的

49. amount to ? ? ?等于、就是說

50. nonsense ? ? ?無知

51. as an old saying ? ? 老話說

52. judge ? ? ? 判斷 ? ?53. contribution ? ?貢獻

54. falling in deep thought ? ?深思

55. move ? ? ? 感動

1. be satisfied with ? ? 滿意

2. mislead ? ? ? 誤導 ? ?3. indeed ? ? 確定

4. in a while ? ? ?過一會

5. sooner or later ? ? 遲早

6. ignorant ? ? ? 無知

7. even if ? ? ? 即使

8. be willing to do ? ? 愿意做

be unwilling to do ? ? 不愿意做

10. pain ? ? ? ?苦 ? ? 11. sensible ? ? 理智

12. mature ? ? ? 成熟

13. street comer ? ? ?街角

14. desire??n. ???desirable ?adj. ?合適

15. very ?副詞

16. store ? ? ? 商店 ? ?17. performance ? ?節(jié)目

18. extreme ?adj.??extremely ?adv. 極其的、非常的

19. reason ?n.??reasonable ?adj. ?通情達理的

20. complain ?v.??complaint ?n. ?抱怨

21. apartment ? ? ?公寓

22. thought ?n. ?thoughtful ?adj. ?體貼的

23. give sb. a lift ? ? ?讓某人搭便車

24. for the whole day ? ? 持續(xù)一天

25. universe ?n. ?universal ?adj. ?普通的

26. devote sb. to sth. ? ? 致力于

27. disable person ? ? 殘疾人

28. reality ?n. ?realistic??adj. ? 現(xiàn)實的

29. laid off ? ? ? 下崗

30. staff ? ? ? ?員工

31. come to ? ? ? 得出結論

32. arrange ?v. ?arrangement ?n. ?布置、整理

33. wallet ? ? ? 錢包 ? ?34. register ? ? 注冊

35. log ? ? ? ?登錄

36. beside ?加法 ?eg:我除了會英語還會日語

except for 減法 ?eg:今天除了Amy外都來了 句首

except ? ? ? ? ? ?句尾部分

without ? ? ? 沒有 ?

37. have gone to ? ? ?去了（沒回來）

have been to ? ? ?去過（回來）

38. 倍數(shù)詞?+?as…原級（形容詞/副詞）…as

once as…as ???twice as…as ???three times as…as

39. ahead of time ? ? ?提前

40. for now ? ? ? 目前、現(xiàn)在、暫時

41. now that ? ? ? 既然

42. by then ? ? ? 那時

43. ever since ? ? ?自從

44. have difficulty (in) doing… ? 做……有困難

45. wounded ? ? ?受傷的 ? ?46. retreat ? ? 撤退

47. refused to ? ? ?拒絕

1. 反義疑問句：

陳述句, 簡短疑問句

一般情況下就主句進行提問，

但主句主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞是believe、think、suppose、consider時，疑問句根據(jù)從句判斷。

2. object ? ? ? v.反對、否認/n.目標、賓語

object to doing ? ? 反對……

3. 邏輯主語： a.名詞所有格

b.形容詞性物主代詞

4. mental ? ? ? 智力的 ? ?5. mind ? ? 退化

6. decay ? ? ? 意識

7. be due to ? ? ?由于

8. psychiatry ? ? ?精神病學 ? 9. psychomotor ? ?精神運動的

10. aging person ? ? ?上歲數(shù)的

11. twins ? ? ? 雙胞胎 ? ?12. expect ? ? 預料

13. used to do ? ? ?過去常常

be used to do ? ? ?被用來

be used to doing ? ? 習慣于

be accustomed to doing ? 習慣于

14. accomplish ? ? ?完成 ? ?15. factor ? ? 因素

16. little ? ? ? ?幾乎不（否定詞）

a little ? ? ? 少

17. over the years ? ? 多年以來

18. in general ? ? ?總而言之

19. incomplete ? ? ?不完全的 ? 20. perhaps ? ? 也許

21. had trouble with ? ? 在某方面有困難

22. lack ? ? ? ?缺乏

23. at…apace ? ? ?以……節(jié)奏

24. in the cases ? ? ?在……狀況下

25. depress ? ? ? 沮喪 ? ?26. state ? ? 標志

27. emotional ? ? ?情緒的 ? ?28. tension ? ? 狀態(tài)

29. low-spirited ? ? ?低精神

30. poisonous ? ? ?有毒的 ? ?31. substance ? ?物質

32. first aid ? ? ? 急救

33. victim ? ? ? 受害者 ? ?34. emergency ? ?緊急的

35. result from ? ? ?起因于

36. insect ? ? ? 昆蟲 ? ?37. free ? ? ?解除另

38. sick ? ? ? ?疼痛、惡心 ? 39. reaction ? ? 反應

40. seek ? ? ? ?尋求 ? ?41. discharge ? ?排出

42. halt ? ? ? ?終止 ? ?43. delay ? ? 延續(xù)

44. vomit ? ? ? 嘔吐物

45. take selfie ? ? ?自拍

46. adopt ? ? ? 手癢 ? ?47. learn ? ? 得知另

48. channel ? ? ? 渠道

49. other than ? ? ?而不是

50. desire ? ? ? 渴望

51. v. + if??是否????n. + if ?如果

52. once ? ? ? 一旦

1. approach ? ? ? n.方法/v.靠近 ?approach to

2. confuse ? ? ? 混亂 ? ?3. concept ? ? 概念

4. in either case ? ? ?不論發(fā)生任何情況

5. view…as / see…as ? ? 把……當作/看作……

6. be annoyed with ? ? 對某人厭煩

7. get noticed ? ? ?引起注意

8. record ? ? ? n.檔案/v.記錄

9. management agency ? ?管理機構

10. sign up ? ? ? 簽約

11. at the outset ? ? ?一開始

12. economic specialist ? ?經(jīng)濟專家

13. economical ?adj. ? ? 節(jié)約的 ? ?14. economy ?n. ? ?經(jīng)濟

15. economic ?adj. ? ? 經(jīng)濟的

16. cross-culture ? ? ?跨文化、多文化

17. labor ? ? ? 勞動力 ? ?18. place ? ? 放置口語

19. starring role ? ? ?主流角色

20. inquiry-based ? ? ?探究式學習

21. process ? ? ? 進程 ? ?22. investigation ? ?調查

23. curiosity ? ? ? 好奇心 ? ?24. capability ? ?能力

25. intention ? ? ? 注意力

26. relevant to ? ? ?與……有關

27. appearance ? ? ?外表、長相 ? 28. apparent ? ? 明顯的

29. evident ? ? ? 明顯的（需要發(fā)現(xiàn)） 30. showy ? ? 鮮艷的

31. finalist ? ? ? 參加決賽的人 ?32. match ? ? 得分高低的比賽

33. competition ? ? ?所有比賽的總稱 ?34. race ? ? ?時間快慢的比賽

35. judge ? ? ? 判斷 ? ?36. assess ? ? 評價

37. calculate ? ? ? 計算 ? ?38. estimate ? ? 估計

39. partial ? ? ? 部分 ? ?40. ossicular ? ? 小骨的

41. play…role… ? ? ?扮演……角色

42. disorder ? ? ? 錯亂 ? ?43. dynamic ? ? 有活力的

44. playful ? ? ? 開玩笑 ? ?45. practical ? ? 實用的

46. dissatisfy ? ? ? 不滿意（強烈） ?47. preferable ? ?更好的

48. unsatisfy ? ? ? 不滿意（一般）

49. satisfy sb. = be satisfied with

50. in the least ? ? ?絲毫

51. determine ?v. ? ? 決定 ? ?52. determination ?n. ? 決心、果斷

53. liar ? ? ? ?說謊的人 ? 54. fuse ? ? ?保險絲

55. forgettable ? ? ?容易忘記的 ? 56. electrician ? ?電工

57. I think so = I suppose to

58. regret ? ? ? 后悔、遺憾

59. regret (not) to do ? ? 遺憾地……

60. regret (not) doing ? ? 后悔的……

61. negotiation ? ? ?判斷 ? ?62. while ? ? 然而

63. cut price ? ? ? 減價

64. units ? ? ? 備件 ? ?65. candidate ? ?候選人

66. be skilled at ? ? ?……方面有技能

67. generally speaking ? ? 總體來說

1. rocket ? ? ? 火箭 ? ?2. detach ? ? 分離

3. launch ? ? ? 發(fā)射 ? ?4. satellite ? ? 衛(wèi)星

5. purposefully ? ? ?目的性

6. military intelligence ? ?軍事智能

7. invaluable ? ? ?無價的 ? ?8. require ? ? 需求

9. tremendous ? ? ?巨大的 ? ?10. vehicle ? ? 設備

11. device ? ? ? 儀器 ? ?12. combination ? ?結合

13. take off ? ? ? 起飛、脫掉

14. off ? ? ? ?離開

15. see sb. off ? ? ?為某人送行

16. separate ? ? ? 分離 ? ?17. destination ? ?終點

18. far ?farther ?farthest ?（距離）

遠 ?更遠 ?最遠

19. far ?further ?furthest ?（程度）

深 ?更深 ?最深

20. last ? ? ? ?持續(xù) ? ?21. rare ? ? ?稀有

22. positive ? ? ? 積極的 ? ?23. critical ? ? 批判的

24. neutral ? ? ? 中立的 ? ?25. indifferent ? ?冷漠的

26. recommend sb. to do sth. ? 建議……做……

27. bearing on ? ? ?討論

28. other than ? ? ?而不是

29. simply ? ? ? 僅僅

30. in other words ? ? 換句話說

31. frequently ? ? ?經(jīng)常的 ? ?32. fluently ? ? 流利的

33. tend to do ? ? ?傾向

34. fail to do ? ? ? 沒能夠

35. effective ? ? ? 有效的 ? ?36. adopt ? ? 采用

37. strategy ? ? ? 策略 ? ?38. precisely ? ? 確切地

39. seldom ? ? ? 幾乎不 ? ?40. pinpoint ? ? 快速指出

41. in detail ? ? ? 詳細的

42. incorrect ? ? ? 不正確的習慣 ?43. conclude ? ? 總結

44. duty ? ? ? ?責任

45. lost time never returns ? ?一去不復返

46. It's no use crying for the split milk. 覆水難收

47. make use of ? ? ?利用

48. fellow ? ? ? 家伙 ? ?49. law ? ? ?法則

50. treasure ? ? ? n.寶藏/v.珍惜

51. grateful ? ? ? 感激 ? ?52. circled ? ? 盤旋

53. strike ? ? ? 敲打、罷工 ? 54. pull ? ? ?拉

55. fall ? ? ? ?摔、自上而下 ?56. throw ? ? 扔

57. throw forward ? ? 向前傾

58. airhostess ? ? ?空姐 ? ?59. prince ? ? 王子

60. princess ? ? ? 公主 ? ?61. waitress ? ? 女服務生

62. pale ? ? ? ?臉色蒼白 ? 63. calm ? ? 平靜

64. whisper ? ? ? 私語 ? ?65. hesitation ? ?猶豫

66. stewardess ? ? ?乘務員 ? ?67. shake ? ? 搖晃

68. congratulate on ? ? 向……祝賀