歡迎閱讀這篇文章！本次帶來的是T-34-85/ZiS-S-53

本文約24000字（詞）

正文如下：

服役國：蘇聯(lián)

等級(jí)：III??

權(quán)重：5.7（街機(jī)）5.7（歷史） 5.7（全真）

所屬種類：中型坦克

所需研發(fā)點(diǎn)：46000研發(fā)點(diǎn)

車輛價(jià)格:? 170000 銀獅??

概述

The T-34-85 is a rank IV Soviet medium tank with a battle rating of 5.7 (AB/RB/SB). It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41. Though similar to the T-34-85 (D-5T), it has an improved gun and a full crew for combat efficiency.

T-34-85/ZiS-S-53是蘇聯(lián)四級(jí)中型坦克，權(quán)重為5.7 (街機(jī)/歷史/全真)。它是在1.41更新前的地面部隊(duì)內(nèi)測中引入的。雖然類似于T-34-85 /D-5T，但它有一門改進(jìn)的主炮和可發(fā)揮出最大作戰(zhàn)效能的充足乘員。

The T-34-85 is an improvement over its predecessor, the T-34-85 (D-5T) with a Better armament, a shorter reload time, APCR ammo, and an additional crew member. Aside from that, both tanks share the same technical specification.

T-34-85/ZiS-S-53是對(duì)它的前身T-34-85 /D-5T的改進(jìn)，擁有更好的武器、更短的裝填時(shí)間、APCR和更多的乘員。除此之外，兩輛坦克的技術(shù)規(guī)格相同。

The front hull armour is only 45 mm thick, even when sloped this is a pitiful amount of armour to fight with against the other vehicles at the same BR as every other tank gun can penetrate that armour. Thus if possible, do not prolong the exposure of the hull armour towards the enemy.

前車體裝甲只有45毫米厚，即使是傾斜的時(shí)候，在對(duì)抗其他同權(quán)重的車這也不夠看，因?yàn)槠渌箍伺诙伎梢該舸┻@個(gè)裝甲。因此，如果可能的話，不要延長車體裝甲暴露給敵人的時(shí)間。

?

基本信息

生存能力和裝甲

車體裝甲：45（正面） 45（側(cè)面） 45（背面）?

炮塔裝甲： 90（正面） 75（側(cè)面） 52（背面）

乘員數(shù)量： 5人

辨識(shí)度：?100%??

裝甲類型:

Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)

軋制均質(zhì)裝甲(車體，炮塔頂蓋)

Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Cupola, Driver's hatch, Machine gun port)

鑄造均質(zhì)裝甲(炮塔，車長指揮塔，駕駛員艙門，機(jī)槍口)

注:

The gun mantlet has 90 mm in front with additional small and thin 40 mm plates on the sides of the gun.

炮盾前面有90mm的炮盾，側(cè)面有額外的40mm薄鋼板。

Suspensions wheels are 20 mm thick and tracks are 18 mm thick

懸掛輪是20毫米厚，履帶是18毫米厚

Any enemy vehicle around the T-34-85's BR bracket can destroy it if it can get a solid shot on the hull armour. Beware when exposing hull when coming out to take a shot on an enemy, someone is bound to be watching for the T-34-85 and they won't be afraid to plant a shell into the 45 mm hull armour.

任何在T-34-85/ZiS-S-53的權(quán)重附近的敵軍車輛如果可以實(shí)打?qū)嵉拈_炮，那就都可以摧毀T-34-85/ZiS-S-53。當(dāng)你需要暴露車體出來對(duì)敵人射擊時(shí)要小心，一定有人在盯著T-34-85，他們不會(huì)害怕在45毫米車體裝甲上干上一炮。

機(jī)動(dòng)性

速度：

街機(jī)：61（前進(jìn)極速） 9（倒車極速）

歷史和全真：55（前進(jìn)極速） 8（倒車極速）

檔位數(shù):

5個(gè)前進(jìn)檔? 1個(gè)倒車檔

重量：32.2噸

發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)功率:

街機(jī)：954匹馬力

歷史和全真：500匹馬力

功重比：

街機(jī)：29.6匹馬力/噸

歷史和全真：15.5匹馬力/噸?

維修與經(jīng)濟(jì)

維修費(fèi)?

1900 → 2593（街機(jī)） 2440?→ 3330（歷史）?3200?→ 4368（全真）

研發(fā)至完全體總花費(fèi)：40400研發(fā)點(diǎn)? ?78000銀獅

護(hù)身符價(jià)格：1400金鷹

成員組培訓(xùn)價(jià)格：49000銀獅

專家成員組培訓(xùn)價(jià)格：170000銀獅

王牌成員組培訓(xùn)價(jià)格：630金鷹

手打王牌所需經(jīng)驗(yàn)：440000研發(fā)點(diǎn)

收益系數(shù)：

街機(jī)： 80%（銀獅） 160%（研發(fā)點(diǎn))

歷史： 120%（銀獅） 160%（研發(fā)點(diǎn))

全真： 130%（銀獅） 160%（研發(fā)點(diǎn))?

配件：

武器

主要武器

The T-34-85 is equipped with the fantastic ZiS-S-53 cannon, with penetrates about 145 mm on the close range with the stock BR-365K round. This might not be enough to fight Tiger IIs frontally, but it works perfectly with other tanks, which are less armoured or you can engage them from the side.

T-34-85/ZiS-S-53配備了神奇的ZiS-S-53炮，白板BR-365K炮彈近距離的穿深約為145毫米。這可能不足以正面對(duì)抗虎王，但它可以與其他脆皮車完美配合，或者你也可以去繞側(cè)（繞側(cè)乃官方打法）。

The gun depression is like on many other Soviet vehicles quite poor, with only 5° there are no hull-down manoeuvres possible.

火炮俯角和很多蘇聯(lián)車一樣很差，只有5度俯角，這不可能使用依托反斜面射擊的戰(zhàn)術(shù)。

彈藥

The stock round is the BR-365K APHE shell which has 148 mm of penetration at close range. It has a very good potential to take out enemies in a single shot with 48 g of A-IX-2 as explosive filler (74 g of TNT equivalent).

白板彈是BR-365K APHE，近距離有148毫米穿深。使用48克A-IX-2作為炸藥填充劑(74克TNT當(dāng)量)，它有很好的一發(fā)入魂的潛力。

The second round, the BR-365A APHEBC shell, only has 135 mm penetration at close range. But instead of having 74 g TNT for explosive filler inside the shell, it has 164 g. This increases considerably the post-penetration damage. It also has a Better penetration from 550 m and above than the BR-365K round.

第二種是BR-365A APHEBC，近距離只有135毫米穿深。但是炮彈里面不是74克TNT炸藥，而是164克。這大大增加了擊穿后的后效，它在550米及以上也比BR-365K穿深更高。

The BR-365P APCR shot is also available, but keep in mind that it performs poorly against sloped armour and it has very poor post-penetration damage. It penetrates about 195 mm of RHA on close range.

BR-365P APCR也可以使用，但是請(qǐng)記住，它在打擊傾斜裝甲時(shí)的表現(xiàn)很差，而且穿后傷害也很差。近距離可擊穿約195毫米的垂直板。

The HE shell is called O-365K. With 660 g of TNT inside it performs pretty well against trucks and halftracks.

O-365K HE。里面裝了660克TNT炸藥，用來對(duì)抗卡車和半履帶車時(shí)性能相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)。

彈藥架

機(jī)槍

Usage in battles （安東哥教你開坦克）

The T-34-85's best playstyle is that of a flanker. Due to its high mobility, fast turret traverse, and a capable cannon with excellent post-penetration damage, the T-34-85 fills this role perfectly. Since the turret is so tall, it makes combat behind low obstacles difficult, as the turret segment above the main gun is visible. The T-34-85's other playstyle can be as a support tank, by keeping up with more protected vehicles like the IS-2 and supplement firepower while their heavy armament reloads.

T-34-85/ZiS-S-53的最佳戰(zhàn)術(shù)是去繞側(cè)。由于它的高機(jī)動(dòng)性，炮塔較快的轉(zhuǎn)速，不錯(cuò)的火炮和出色的后效，T-34-85可完美勝任側(cè)衛(wèi)這個(gè)角色。因?yàn)門-34-85的炮塔很高，這使得它躲在低障礙物后作戰(zhàn)很艱難，因?yàn)橹髋谏戏降呐谒糠謺?huì)露出來。T-34-85的另一種打法是作為支援坦克，與IS-2這樣的需要保護(hù)車輛并肩作戰(zhàn)，并在它們進(jìn)行重裝填時(shí)補(bǔ)充火力。

The T-34-85 would not make a very suitable short-range brawler though even with the 85 mm gun as the gun has a rather tedious reload for the specific playstyle and the T-34's armour is very poor at its BR. With that, the T-34-85 would tend to be able to fire one shot at a close enemy before it gets taken out by other enemies nearby. However, it is understandable that the situation is unavoidable, so it is recommended to stay steady by firing one shot at an unsuspecting enemy at close range before retreating to reload, evading enemy shots.

T-34-85并不非常適合近戰(zhàn)，盡管T-34-85使用的是85毫米炮，這門炮在游戲中的裝填速度還是太慢了，而且T-34的裝甲在其權(quán)重上著實(shí)拉胯。這樣一來，T-34-85就只能在被別人干掉之前開一炮。然而，這種情況是不可避免的，而且是可以理解的，所以建議在后撤進(jìn)行重裝填并躲避敵人的射擊之前，耐心地在近距離向毫無戒備的敵人開一炮。

If one decides to use the T-34 as a main battle tank, it's advisable to hide the hull as well as possible which has the weakest armour. Unfortunately, most heavy tanks like the Tiger II are nearly invulnerable from the front, but many mediums and even Cold War MBTs can still be destroyed. At this rank bracket, however, its speed, turret location, and poor armour push it towards a flanking role, away from the 1940-43 main battle comfort zone. The gun is still very potent, and the ammunition often knocks out nearly the entire crew, but the increases in armour of enemy vehicles necessitate learning their weakspots. The gun is generally accurate and most shells retain their velocity even into far ranges.

如果一個(gè)人決定用T-34作為主力坦克，最好把裝甲最薄的車體盡可能的藏起來。不幸的是，大多數(shù)像虎王坦克這樣的重型坦克在前線幾乎是無懈可擊的，但是T-34-85仍可以摧毀很多中坦甚至冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的主戰(zhàn)坦克（就是你，豹豹）。然而，在這個(gè)等級(jí)上，T-34-85的速度、炮塔位置和糟糕的裝甲迫使它只能去繞側(cè)，這便走出了蘇聯(lián)1940-1943年坦克的舒適區(qū)了（譯者提一下，蘇聯(lián)4.0左右是蘇聯(lián)快樂涂油區(qū)）。ZiS-S-53炮仍然非常強(qiáng)大，而且有著核彈后效，經(jīng)常能一發(fā)秒了敵人，但是此權(quán)重下敵人的裝甲比幼兒園時(shí)期要厚重，所以玩T-34-85要熟悉敵人的弱點(diǎn)。85炮精度較高，大部分炮彈遠(yuǎn)距離速度衰減并不明顯。

值得注意的敵人:

豹式坦克A/D型，虎王坦克P型:

The Panthers are one of the most common tanks around BR 5.7, and they pose a great threat with their deadly long 75 mm cannon, thick frontal armour and adequate speed. You want to avoid engaging them at long range as the T-34 has only x3.5 scope magnification, making long range shooting super hard. Engage the Panthers within 500 m and avoid shooting their frontal hull. Their biggest weak spot is the gun mantlet, which is only 100 mm thick and has a flat part in the middle. That is where you want to aim at, the T-34's APHE has sufficient damage to instantly destroy the Panther even from its turret. The second weak spot is of course the sides, guaranteeing an instant kill. Generally APHE is enough to deal with the Panthers, and no APCR is needed.

豹式坦克是5.7權(quán)重中最常見的坦克之一，它們擁有致命的長75炮，厚實(shí)的前裝甲和足夠的速度，這構(gòu)成了巨大的威脅。因?yàn)門-34只有3.5倍的小孔成像炮鏡，所以遠(yuǎn)距離射擊非常困難。在500米的范圍內(nèi)與豹豹作戰(zhàn)并避免射擊其正面車體。他們最大的弱點(diǎn)是炮盾，那兒只有100毫米厚，中間有一塊平坦的部分。這就是你要瞄準(zhǔn)的地方，即使是從炮塔打進(jìn)去，T-34的APHE也有足夠的后效干掉它。第二個(gè)弱點(diǎn)當(dāng)然是側(cè)面，打這可令其瞬間豹斃。一般來說APHE足以對(duì)付豹式坦克，不需要APCR。

For the Tiger II P, aim at the vertical area of the frontal turret which is also 100 mm. The best tactic is still to flank it however.

對(duì)于虎王坦克P型，瞄準(zhǔn)其正面炮塔的垂直區(qū)域，也是100毫米厚。當(dāng)然最好的戰(zhàn)術(shù)仍是繞側(cè)。

虎式坦克H1/E型:

The Tiger's weak spots are the opposite with the Panthers. Their hull are unsloped and rather thin, while the gun mantlet is weirdly shaped and can absorb quite some shells. The best engaging range remains the same, within 500 m. If the Tiger is angling, aim at the turret ring to disable the gunner and destroy the turret traverse, or aim at the hull side below the side skirt, which is only 60 mm. If it is not angling, aim Between the driver's vision port and the MG for an instant kill. Avoid shooting at these two parts as they tend to bounce/absorb shells. For the Tiger E, don't shoot at the lower glacis as there will be add-on tracks installed there, making it harder to penetrate.

虎式坦克的弱點(diǎn)與豹式坦克恰恰相反。他們的車體不傾斜，而且相當(dāng)薄，而炮盾的形狀很奇怪，可以吞相當(dāng)多的炮彈。最佳交戰(zhàn)范圍保持不變，在500米內(nèi)。如果虎式傾斜，瞄準(zhǔn)炮塔環(huán)以干掉炮手并摧毀方向機(jī)，或者瞄準(zhǔn)車體側(cè)裙以下，那兒只有60毫米。如果它不是傾斜的，瞄準(zhǔn)駕駛員觀察窗和MG機(jī)槍口之間的部分，這會(huì)立即摧毀唬式坦克。別打駕駛員觀察窗和MG機(jī)槍口，因?yàn)槟抢锿鶗?huì)反彈/吸收炮彈。對(duì)于虎式坦克E型，不要射擊其首下，因?yàn)槟抢镉懈郊勇膸?，這使其變得更難以被擊穿。

試制新炮戰(zhàn)車（甲）（昭和神棺）:

In a frontal engagement, APCR is required as the APHE shells don't have enough penetration. With APCR loaded, aim at the further sides of the fighting compartment, away from the gun, because the further from the gun, the thinner the armour gets, with the thinnest part being around 160 mm unsloped. Penetrating there will knock out its loader, gunner or commander, or detonate the ammo. Of course, the best way is still side-shooting with APHE.

在與棺材正面交鋒時(shí)，APCR是必需的，因?yàn)锳PHE沒有足夠的穿深。APCR裝好后，瞄準(zhǔn)遠(yuǎn)離主炮的戰(zhàn)斗室較遠(yuǎn)的一側(cè)，因?yàn)殡x主炮越遠(yuǎn)，裝甲越薄，最薄的部分大約是160毫米垂直。擊穿那里將殺死它的裝填手，炮手或車長，或引爆彈藥。當(dāng)然，最好的方法仍然是繞側(cè)并使用APHE射擊。

四號(hào)/70（V）坦克殲擊車，“追獵者”坦克殲擊車:

These small tank destroyers with their well angled frontal armour can be quite a problem from a distance. With APHE, you can disable their transmission by shooting at their lower glacis. Now if you can, flank them. The 85 mm APHE does a great job at penetrating sloped, thin armour, so you don't have to get to their absolute sides. For the Pz IV/70, you can also aim at the downward part of the gun mantlet since the shell might ricochet downwards into the hull, knocking out every crew member. The Jagdpanzer 38(t) doesn't have this problem, so side-shooting is required to destroy it effectively.

這些小型坦克殲擊車的正面傾斜裝甲很靠譜，拉開一定距離它們也是個(gè)很棘手的對(duì)手。有了APHE，你可以通過射擊他們的首下打壞它們的傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。如果可以的話，去繞側(cè)。85毫米APHE在穿透斜面薄裝甲時(shí)表現(xiàn)出色，所以你不需要到達(dá)絕對(duì)側(cè)面。對(duì)于長四殲，你也可以瞄準(zhǔn)炮盾下面的部分，因?yàn)榕趶椏赡軙?huì)彈到車體里，殺死所有乘員。追獵者沒有窩彈區(qū)這個(gè)問題，所以需要射擊其側(cè)面來有效摧毀它。

M4A3E2“巨無霸”：

This is another common enemy. It is recommended to use the BR-365A, the one with less pen but more explosive filler. The reason is that it is Better at penetrating sloped armour, which the Jumbo has. With that shell you can easily destroy a M4A3E2 who's not angling. If it is, aim at the hull side just above the tracks, or load APCR and shoot straight at its gun mantlet. Against a 75 mm M4A3E2 you can relax a bit as it will struggle to penetrate your armour, but your cupola is a rather large weak spot and a shot through there can knock out the T-34. Be more careful with the M4A3E2 76 W, as they can easily pierce through your armour.

這是另一個(gè)共同的敵人。建議使用BR-365A，這種炮彈穿深低，但爆炸填充物多。原因是它更擅長打傾斜裝甲，而醬爆就有傾斜裝甲。用這種炮彈，你可以很容易地摧毀一個(gè)沒有擺角度的M4A3E2。如果它擺了角度，瞄準(zhǔn)履帶上方的側(cè)車體，或者上APCR，直接對(duì)著炮盾射擊。對(duì)付75毫米炮的M4A3E2你可以放松一點(diǎn)，因?yàn)樗茈y擊穿你的裝甲，但你的炮塔是一個(gè)相當(dāng)大的弱點(diǎn)，醬爆一炮就能打穿T-34。面對(duì)76毫米炮的M4A3E2 時(shí)要小心，因?yàn)樗鼈兒苋菀讚舸┠愕难b甲。

優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)

優(yōu)點(diǎn):

• Excellent firepower: adequate penetration, destructive damage and good reload rate

• 優(yōu)秀的火力:足夠的穿深，核彈后效和不錯(cuò)的裝填速度

• Has two types of APHE for players to choose from: BR-365K with higher pen but less TNT, and BR-365A with less pen but plenty of TNT, either of which are enough to one-shot most tanks it faces

• 有兩種類型的APHE供玩家選擇:BR-365K有著更高的垂穿，但TNT當(dāng)量較低，BR-365A垂穿較低，但TNT當(dāng)樂較高，這兩種都足以一發(fā)入魂大多數(shù)T-34-85會(huì)面對(duì)的坦克

• 56 km/h top speed and great manoeuvrability allows it to reposition or flank easily

• 56公里/小時(shí)的最高速度和優(yōu)秀的機(jī)動(dòng)性使它可以輕易地轉(zhuǎn)換陣地或去繞側(cè)

• 5-man crew improves survivability against solid shells

• 5人乘員組提高了抗實(shí)心炮彈打擊后的生存能力

• Similar playstyle with the previous T-34s which is beginner-friendly

• 類似于以前的T-34，適合初學(xué)者使用（你確定T-34-85適合新手？）

• Fast turret traverse to easily deal with targets from multiple directions

• 炮塔轉(zhuǎn)速很快，輕松處理多個(gè)方向的目標(biāo)

• Sloped hull and round frontal turret might bounce low-penetrating guns like the 75 mm M3 on early M4 Shermans?

• 傾斜的車體和圓形的炮塔正面可能會(huì)彈開低穿炮發(fā)射的炮彈，如M4謝爾曼早期的75毫米 M3坦克炮

缺點(diǎn):

• Armour is extremely thin, providing very limited protection against common guns (American 76mm, British 17pdr, German 75mm & 88mm, etc)

• 裝甲非常薄，在面對(duì)普通火炮(美國76mm，英國17磅，德國75mm和88mm等)時(shí)的保護(hù)非常有限。

• Crew members are closely packed, a well-aimed shot tends to knock them all out

• 乘員十分擁擠，一炮就能把他們?nèi)慷说?/p>

• 5 degrees gun depression is below average, limiting its capability in hilly maps

• 5度俯角低于平均水平，這限制了它在丘陵地圖上的能力

• Poor reverse speed

• 可憐的倒車速度

• Large turret profile makes it easier to get spotted and shot

• 巨大的炮塔使它容易被發(fā)現(xiàn)并遭受攻擊

• Awkward to place bushes on upper front hull due to the obstruction of MG port and driver's optics

• 由于機(jī)槍口和駕駛員觀察窗的阻礙，在車體前部放置偽裝草時(shí)會(huì)比較困難。

歷史

發(fā)展

The T-34, in its introduction, was a huge shock to the German army when they invaded as they did not have the adequate anti-tank weaponry to defeat the T-34 and its heavier companion KV-1 tank. However, by 1943, the Germans began introducing newer tanks or upgrading their current tanks. They upgraded their panzer IVs with the 75 mm KwK 40 gun, which could penetrate the T-34, and introduced the Tiger I and Panther tanks into their forces, which could not only destroy the T-34s easily, but can also take in the 76.2 mm shells the T-34 fires. The inferior firepower the T-34 forced the T-34 forces to close into a very close distance during the Battle of Kursk with the Tigers and Panthers in order to get to the sides and fire at the weaker armour. While the Soviets were victorious against the German offensive, the T-34s suffered high losses with this strategy.

T-34的出現(xiàn)給德國軍隊(duì)帶來了巨大的沖擊，因?yàn)樗麄儧]有合適的反坦克武器來擊毀T-34和它更重的同志KV-1坦克。然而，到1943年，德國人開始生產(chǎn)新的坦克并升級(jí)他們現(xiàn)有的坦克。他們用75毫米的KwK 40炮升級(jí)了他們的四號(hào)坦克，它可以擊穿T-34，并為德國部隊(duì)裝備了虎式坦克和豹式坦克，虎豹不僅可以輕易地摧毀T-34，而且可以抗住T-34的76.2毫米炮彈。在庫爾斯克與虎式和豹式的戰(zhàn)斗中，T-34較弱的火力迫使它們需接近到非常近的距離，以到達(dá)側(cè)翼并向虎豹較薄的裝甲開火。盡管蘇聯(lián)成功擋住了德國人的進(jìn)攻，但T-34在使用這一策略時(shí)損失慘重。

The T-34's slow improvement from the 1941 model was due to the decision to keep changes to the model low to keep costs low and productivity high. This worked well in the first two years against the Germans, but the Battle of Kursk showed that the newer German tanks now outgun the T-34s. Soviet High Command, once conservative on the T-34's upgrades, now opted for an increase in the T-34 armament to be able to counter the German tanks. During the development, an interim solution for the problem was the equipping of the 57 mm ZiS-4M gun onto the T-34, which has Better penetration capabilities compared to the 76.2 F-34 guns. This tank, the T-34-57, performed as an adequate "tank-hunter", but the small HE shell on the 57 mm gun made it a poor tank armament so this was only an interim solution until a Better design is made.[1]

T-34坦克對(duì)于1941年型的改進(jìn)進(jìn)度緩慢是由于保持對(duì)型號(hào)的低改動(dòng)以保持低成本和高生產(chǎn)率決定的。這在頭兩年對(duì)抗德國人的時(shí)候效果很好，但是庫爾斯克戰(zhàn)役表明，更新的德國坦克的火炮比T-34更好。蘇聯(lián)最高統(tǒng)帥部曾經(jīng)對(duì)升級(jí)T-34的方案持保守態(tài)度，但現(xiàn)在選擇改進(jìn)T-34的武器來對(duì)抗德國坦克。在開發(fā)過程中，針對(duì)動(dòng)物園問題的一個(gè)臨時(shí)解決方案是在T-34上裝備57毫米ZiS-4M坦克炮，與76.2毫米 F-34坦克炮相比，ZiS-4M具有更高的穿深。T-34-57是一個(gè)合格的“坦克獵人”，但是57毫米炮只能發(fā)射小威力的高爆彈，這使它成為一件糟糕的坦克武器，所以這只是一個(gè)臨時(shí)的解決方案，直到更好的設(shè)計(jì)方案出臺(tái)

Testings with various guns in Soviet inventory against captured German tanks showed that the most capable gun was the 85 mm 52-K anti-aircraft gun. With this discovery, the 52-K underwent development to make derivatives able to be mounted onto a tank. The cannon was able to penetrate the front of the Tiger from 500 meters out, the turret side from 600 meters away, and the hull side from 800 meters away. The 85 mm was first mounted onto the SU-85s, but the need for an upgraded tank had the Soviets find a way to fit the gun in the T-34. The cannon was much larger than the F-34 gun and so a much larger turret was necessary to house the gun. The solution to this was to transfer the turret from the cancelled T-43 tank program onto the T-34, this increased the turret ring diameter from the original 1,425 mm into 1,600 mm, which required a retooling in the manufacturing plants. While this delayed T-34 production, the 85 mm was finally able to be mounted onto the T-34 as the T-34-85.[1]

用蘇聯(lián)庫存中的各種火炮對(duì)繳獲的德國坦克進(jìn)行測試，結(jié)果顯示威力最大的是85mm 52-K高射炮。有了這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)，52-K經(jīng)過發(fā)展修改，使得改型能夠安裝在坦克上?；鹋谀軌驈?00米外擊穿虎式坦克的正面，從600米外擊穿炮塔側(cè)面，從800米外擊穿車體側(cè)面。85毫米炮最初是安裝在su -85上的，但是為了升級(jí)坦克，蘇聯(lián)人想辦法把它安裝在T-34上。這門炮比F-34炮大得多，所以需要一個(gè)更大的炮塔來容納這門炮。解決方案是將炮塔從取消的T-43計(jì)劃轉(zhuǎn)移到T-34上，這將炮塔環(huán)直徑從原來的1425mm增加到1600mm，這需要在制造廠重新裝配。在T-34延期生產(chǎn)的同時(shí)，85毫米炮最終被安裝在T-34上，成為T-34-85坦克

設(shè)計(jì)

The T-34-85, aside from the enlarged turret ring for the new turret, uses the same T-34 hull design. Armour was still about 45 mm thick, sloped at 60 degrees for a 90 mm effective thickness. The Christie suspension was retained, as well as the diesel engine. However, the biggest difference in the tank design is the three-man turret, though a turret basket is still exempt from the design. Before, the two-man turret on the older T-34 had the commander forced to do his job and the gunner's, the three-man turret on the T-34-85 separated the commander's duty by having a separate gunner to fire the gun, leaving the commander to do his job commanding the tank as a whole. The larger turret also has space for a radio (previously in the hull by the assistant driver), allowing the commander to effectively communicate Between tank units. Aside from the enlarged turret ring, new turret, and the 85 mm gun, the internal specifications of the T-34 and its pros and cons were nearly identical to the older variants.

T-34-85，除了為新的炮塔擴(kuò)大了炮塔座圈外，采用了相同的T-34車體設(shè)計(jì)。裝甲仍然是45毫米厚，傾斜60度，有效厚度為90毫米。保留了克里斯蒂懸掛系統(tǒng)和柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。然而，在坦克設(shè)計(jì)上最大的不同是三個(gè)人的炮塔，盡管設(shè)計(jì)方案中仍然沒有炮塔吊籃。之前,老的雙人炮塔的T-34車長被迫同時(shí)兼任炮手一職，T-34-85上的三人炮塔通過單獨(dú)設(shè)置一名炮手來操縱火炮，從而使得車長可以專心負(fù)責(zé)指揮工作。更大的炮塔也有空間來放無線電裝備(以前是在車體由副駕駛操作的)，允許車長有效地和坦克單位溝通。除了擴(kuò)大的炮塔座圈，新的炮塔和85毫米炮，T-34的內(nèi)部規(guī)格和它的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)幾乎與老版本相同。

The 85 mm gun on the T-34-85 was able to penetrate 125 mm of armour at 500 meters away at a 90 degree meet angle with normal AP rounds. The 85 mm gun was derived from the 52-K anti-aircraft gun, which was developed from Vasilliy Grabin and Fyodor Petrov's design bureaus. Petrov's bureaus produced the 85 mm D-5T gun while Grabin's design, after being taken over by A. Savin, produced the 85 mm ZiS-53 gun. During trials in the Gorokhoviesky Proving Grounds, it was found that the ZiS-53 gun was much Better than the D-5T and was much simpler, which was redesignated as the ZiS-S-53 after Savin's initials. However, as the new turret was optimized with the D-5T gun, the T-34-85 started with the D-5T as the T-34-85 Model 1943, which ran on from February to March 1944. After March 1944, the 85 mm ZiS-5 was used as the armament of the T-34-85 Model 1944. During its production life from 1943 to 1958, up to 48,950 T-34-85s were created (22,559 of which during World War II), consisting of more than half of the total 84,070 T-34 units created in its entire production life since 1940.

T-34-85上的85毫米炮能夠以90度角擊穿500米外的125毫米裝甲。85毫米坦克炮是從52-K高射炮發(fā)展而來，52-K高射炮是由瓦西里·格拉賓（Vasilliy Grabin）和費(fèi)奧多·彼得羅夫（Fyodor Petrov）的設(shè)計(jì)局開發(fā)的。彼得羅夫的部門生產(chǎn)了85毫米D-5T炮，而格拉賓的設(shè)計(jì)方案在被A.薩文（A. Savin）接管重新設(shè)計(jì)后，投產(chǎn)了85毫米ZiS-53炮。在Gorokhoviesky試驗(yàn)場的試驗(yàn)中，發(fā)現(xiàn)ZiS-53炮比D-5T好得多，也簡單得多，以薩文名字的首字母重新命名為ZiS-S-53。然而，由于新的炮塔是用D-5T炮優(yōu)化的，T-34-85開始配備的是D-5T炮，1943年2月到1944年3月生產(chǎn)的T-34-85被稱為T-34-85 1943型。1944年3月之后，85毫米ZiS-5炮被用作T-34-85 1944型的武器。在1943年至1958年的生產(chǎn)中，共生產(chǎn)了48,950輛T-34-85(其中22,559輛生產(chǎn)于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間)，占自1940年以來整個(gè)生產(chǎn)期中生產(chǎn)的84,070輛T-34的一半以上。

戰(zhàn)斗使用

From its introduction in March 1944 and onwards, the T-34-85s were the main tank in Soviet service.[1] The older T-34s were still being used in the theatre as they are lost from combat and retribution and replaced. The T-34-85's 85 mm gun armour penetration and front turret armour nearly doubled compared to the older T-34, yet retain the same speed, mobility, and hull armour. The T-34-85 was vastly superior to the German's panzer IVs and StuG IIIs, and though it was still inferior against the Panther and the Tiger I, it had a Better chance than the older T-34 models. The T-34-85s maintain numerical superiority throughout the entire war due to the Soviet's industrial base and design concept of mass producing single designs, while the Germans focus on newer, Better tanks such as the heavier Tiger II, which restricted productivity and made logistics a hard job to maintain. The T-34-85s were the main Soviet spearhead weapon during Operation Bagration and its future offensives up until the Battle of Berlin. After the fall of Nazi Germany, the Soviets use the T-34-85s again in their invasion of Manchuria to fulfil their promise to invade Japan after the fall of Germany. The combined-arms forces of their armoured units overran the Japanese positions in Manchuria and were pushed all the way to a distance from the Yalu River. The Japanese surrender order was given out by the emperor on August 14, which was not carried out as a cease-fire until August 17.

自1944年3月登場以來，T-34-85便成為了蘇聯(lián)主力坦克，舊的T-34仍然在戰(zhàn)場上作戰(zhàn)，但是它們?cè)趹?zhàn)斗，德軍報(bào)復(fù)，新式坦克的替換中逐步退役了。T-34-85的85毫米炮穿深和炮塔前裝甲幾乎是老的T-34的兩倍，但保持了相同的速度、機(jī)動(dòng)性和車體裝甲。T-34-85遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)優(yōu)于德國的四號(hào)坦克和三號(hào)突擊炮，盡管它仍不敵豹式坦克和虎式坦克，但它戰(zhàn)敗虎豹的機(jī)會(huì)比舊的T-34大的多。T-34-85坦克在整個(gè)戰(zhàn)爭中都保持著數(shù)量優(yōu)勢，這是由于蘇聯(lián)的工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)和批量生產(chǎn)單一設(shè)計(jì)的設(shè)計(jì)理念導(dǎo)致的，而德國人則專注于更新、更好的坦克，如更重的虎王坦克，這限制了生產(chǎn)力，使后勤工作很難維持。T-34-85是“巴格拉季昂行動(dòng)”和未來進(jìn)攻，直到柏林戰(zhàn)役的蘇聯(lián)主力先頭武器。納粹德國覆滅后，蘇聯(lián)再次使用T-34-85進(jìn)攻偽滿洲國，以履行他們?cè)诘聡矞绾筮M(jìn)攻日本的承諾。蘇聯(lián)聯(lián)合部隊(duì)的裝甲部隊(duì)占領(lǐng)了日本在滿洲的陣地，并一路推進(jìn)到鴨綠江。日本天皇于8月14日下達(dá)了投降命令，直到8月17日雙方?；稹?/p>

After the end of World War II, the T-34-85s were given out in massive quantities to Soviet-occupied territories and their allies. The next action the T-34-85s faced was in the Korean War, in the hands of the North Koreans. The North Korean armoured forces are able to assault deep into South Korea with these tanks as South Koreans were severely under-equipped in anti-tank weaponry, only armed with US-supplied M24 Chaffees and regular bazookas, which were useless against the T-34s. It wasn't until the deployment of US troops into the Korean peninsula that the tide turned against the North Koreans and their tanks. The US sent their M4A3E8 Shermans, M26 Pershings, and "Super Bazookas" to arm the troops there. All these weapons are able to destroy the T-34-85s, with the M26 Pershing being able to penetrate straight through the front and back of the T-34-85 armour with HVAP rounds. The Shermans are nearly equal to the T-34-85s, but the Better optic quality and crew training gave them an edge against the T-34-85s. These anti-tank weapons supplied by the coalition caused the North Koreans to suffer major tank losses and after their supply lines were cut by the US landings at Inchon, the armoured vehicles were abandoned as the North Koreans retreated. Pure tank-to-tank battles Between the two sides were scarce after 1950 due to a heavy decline in armoured forces in the North Korean side.[1]

第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，T- 34-85被大量分發(fā)給蘇占區(qū)及其盟友。T -34-85參加的下一次軍事行是在朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭，由朝鮮軍隊(duì)使用。朝鮮裝甲部隊(duì)能夠使用這些坦克深入韓國，因?yàn)轫n國人的反坦克武器裝備嚴(yán)重不足，只配備美國提供的M24霞飛和常規(guī)火箭筒，這些裝備打不動(dòng)T-34-85。直到美國在朝鮮半島部署軍隊(duì)，形勢才轉(zhuǎn)向不利于朝鮮人和他們的坦克。美國派出了他們的M4A3E8謝爾曼、M26潘興和“超級(jí)瑪祖卡”來武裝那里的軍隊(duì)。所有這些武器都能夠摧毀T-34-85, M26潘興能夠用HVAP彈把T-34-85從頭打到尾。謝爾曼幾乎等同于T-34-85，但更好的光學(xué)器材和乘員訓(xùn)練給了他們相對(duì)于T-34-85的優(yōu)勢。聯(lián)軍提供的這些反坦克武器使朝鮮遭受了重大的坦克損失，美國在仁川登陸切斷了他們的補(bǔ)給線后，朝鮮軍隊(duì)在撤退時(shí)放棄了這些裝甲車。1950年之后，由于朝鮮方面裝甲部隊(duì)的嚴(yán)重?fù)p失，雙方之間很少發(fā)生純粹的坦克戰(zhàn)。

Past the Korean War, the T-34-85s were clearly obsolete with the development of newer tanks being developed worldwide. Despite that, many countries still use T-34-85s as their main tank or as reserves, even the Soviets and Finnish continue using them until the late 1960s. Warsaw Pact countries used them in large quantities and were involved in many conflicts within these countries, such as the East German uprising in June 1953, Hungarian revolution in 1956, Coup by Greek junta in July 1974, and the Turkish invasion in July-August 1974. The T-34-85s also saw conflicts in the Middle East in the hands of Syrians, Egyptians, Jordanians, and Iraq; Vietnam with the North Vietnamese, and in the Bosnian War in the Bosnian Serb Army. African countries such as Somalia and Angola still use T-34-85s in their armies, and they could even be seen in the recent conflicts in Yemen and in Ukraine. Despite their age, it seems that the T-34-85 was to become a tank that will persist in the hands of smaller countries for years to come.

朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束后，隨著世界范圍內(nèi)新坦克的發(fā)展，T-34-85顯然已經(jīng)落后了。盡管如此，許多國家仍然使用T-34-85作為他們的主要坦克或后備，甚至蘇聯(lián)和芬蘭繼續(xù)使用它們直到1960年代后期。華約國家大量使用T-34-85，并卷入了這些國家內(nèi)部的許多沖突，如1953年6月的柏林暴亂、1956年的匈牙利事件、1974年7月的希臘軍政府政變和1974年7 - 8月的土耳其入侵。T-34-85在敘利亞、埃及、約旦和伊拉克手中見證了的中東沖突;越南和北越，以及波斯尼亞戰(zhàn)爭中的波斯尼亞塞族軍隊(duì)。索馬里和安哥拉等非洲國家仍在其軍隊(duì)中使用T-34-85，甚至在最近的也門和烏克蘭沖突中也可以看到。盡管T-34-85已老矣，但在未來的幾年里，它似乎將成為一種會(huì)一直在小國手中的坦克。

During late 1944, the Soviets were already searching for a successor to the T-34s that use most of the newest tank technology found in recent years. The result was the T-44 medium tank, which did not enter service in time to see widespread usage and even combat during World War II. The T-44 underwent further development and redesigning to become a tank that would surpass the T-34 in the most produced tank in existence, the T-54 tank.

在1944年末，蘇聯(lián)已經(jīng)在開發(fā)T-34的后繼型號(hào)，該坦克使用了近年來研發(fā)的大多數(shù)最新坦克技術(shù)。成果就是T-44中型坦克，它沒有及時(shí)投入使用，甚至在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間也沒有投入戰(zhàn)斗。T-44經(jīng)過了進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展和重新設(shè)計(jì)，成為一種超越T-34的坦克，即世界產(chǎn)量最高的T-54坦克。

游戲描述

This model of tanks received the new S-53 cannon with a 54.6 calibre barrel length mounted on a turret with an expanded traverse circle. Its armour-piercing 9.2 kg shell penetrated 111 mm and 102 mm thick armour at ranges of 500 and 1,000 metres respectively, while its subcalibre round penetrated 138 mm thick armour at a range of 500 metres. tanks with this cannon used the improved TS-16 telescopic sight. To allow firing from cover, it had an elevation level and a turreted rangefinder. The turret's roof featured two MK-4 observation instruments which provided noticeably improved vision over the PTK-5 panoramic telescope. Another ventilator was also added and the command cupola was moved back. The turret's frontal armour was increased to 90 mm, and the sides to 60 mm.

這種型號(hào)的坦克安裝了新的S-53坦克炮，有54.6倍徑，并擴(kuò)大了炮塔座圈。它的9.2公斤穿甲彈分別能在500米和1 000米距離擊穿111毫米和102毫米厚的裝甲，而它的次口徑彈藥(3485有次口徑彈藥？譯者真的不知道)在500米距離能擊穿138毫米厚的裝甲。坦克使用改進(jìn)的TS-16望遠(yuǎn)鏡式瞄準(zhǔn)具。為了能夠使坦克可以從掩體后射擊，它裝備有一個(gè)仰角電平(elevation level)和一個(gè)炮塔測距儀。炮塔的頂部有兩臺(tái)MK-4觀測儀器，它提供的視野明顯超過PTK-5全景望遠(yuǎn)鏡。游增加了一個(gè)排氣扇，加裝了車長指揮塔。炮塔正面裝甲增加到90mm，側(cè)面裝甲增加到60mm。

The 9RC radio set was installed on all the vehicles, and late production tanks received electric drive for turning the turret and the means to set up smokescreens. Combined manual and electric drives meant that the turret could be fully turned in 12-15 seconds, and its turning motion became steadier. Although the tank's weight was somewhat increased by the installation of its more powerful cannon and stronger armour, thanks to its powerful diesel engine, its mobility did not suffer.

所有車輛上均配備了9RC無線電裝置，晚期生產(chǎn)的坦克加裝了用于轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)炮塔的電驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置和煙幕發(fā)生器。手動(dòng)和電動(dòng)混合驅(qū)動(dòng)意味著炮塔可以在12-15秒內(nèi)完全轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)一周，并且它的旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)變得更穩(wěn)定。雖然坦克的重量由于安裝了更強(qiáng)大的坦克炮和更堅(jiān)固的裝甲而有所增加，但由于其強(qiáng)大的柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，它的機(jī)動(dòng)性并沒有受到影響。

tanks of this model went into mass production in February 1944. By the end of the Second World War, around 20,500 of them were made in total. The tank was widely used in all conflicts in the war's final stage.

這種型號(hào)的坦克在1944年2月開始大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)。到第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束時(shí)，總共制造了大約20500輛。坦克在戰(zhàn)爭最后階段的所有戰(zhàn)斗中被廣泛使用。

In spite of the very significant upgrades present on the T-34-85, its battle characteristics could not be considered entirely satisfactory for the second half of the war in the context of improved German tanks and anti-tank weapons.

盡管T-34-85進(jìn)行了非常重要的升級(jí)，但它的作戰(zhàn)特點(diǎn)在戰(zhàn)爭后期的德國坦克和反坦克武器面前還是差強(qiáng)人意。

Captured tanks of this type were used by the Wehrmacht and Waffen SS until the end of the war. The tank underwent several modernisations after the war, the last of which took place in 1969. In the 50s, it was mass-produced in Poland and Czechoslovakia."

被繳獲的T-34-85一直被德國國防軍和黨衛(wèi)軍使用到戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束。戰(zhàn)后坦克經(jīng)歷了幾次現(xiàn)代化改裝，最后一次是在1969年。到了50年代，它還在波蘭和捷克斯洛伐克批量生產(chǎn)。