問題描述：當(dāng)采用以下步驟刪除數(shù)據(jù)文件后發(fā)現(xiàn)v$datafile視圖中仍然有該文件記錄,且狀態(tài)recover，意識到該刪除步驟有問題，生產(chǎn)環(huán)境中存在此種情況，此時(shí)作為dba應(yīng)該怎么辦？

a、 使用alter database datafile 5 offline;

b、rm 命令刪掉數(shù)據(jù)文件

實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)繕?biāo)：模擬該異常，并提供解決方案.

實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境：oracle 11.2.0.4+ 單實(shí)例

1、模擬異常

SQL>alter tablespace users add datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf'size 10m autoextend on;

Tablespacealtered.

SQL>select file#,name from v$datafile

FILE# NAME

------------------------------------------------------------

1/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/system01.dbf

2/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/sysaux01.dbf

3/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/undotbs01.dbf

4/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users01.dbf

5/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf

SQL>select d.tablespace_name,v.file#,d.file_name,d.bytes/1024/1024,v.status,v.enabled,d.autoextensible,d.increment_byfrom dba_data_files d,v$datafile v where d.file_id=v.file#

TABLESPACE_NAME FILE# FILE_NAME D.BYTES/1024/1024 STATUS ENABLED AUT INCREMENT_BY

------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------ ---------- --- ------------

USERS 4/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users01.dbf 5 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 160

UNDOTBS1 3/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/undotbs01.dbf 70 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 640

SYSAUX 2/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/sysaux01.dbf 490 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 1280

SYSTEM 1/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/system01.dbf 740 SYSTEM READ WRITE YES 1280

USERS 5/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf 10 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 1

現(xiàn)使用錯誤方法刪數(shù)據(jù)文件users02.dbf

SQL>alter database datafile 5 offline;

Databasealtered.

現(xiàn)在系統(tǒng)層面刪除數(shù)據(jù)文件users02.dbf

[oracle@leoleodb]$ ll

total1531236

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 9748480 Aug 7 13:54 control01.ctl

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:23 redo01.log

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:53 redo02.log

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:23 redo03.log

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 534781952 Aug 7 13:54sysaux01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 775954432 Aug 7 13:54system01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 30416896 Aug 7 12:33 temp01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 73408512 Aug 7 13:54 undotbs01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 5251072 Aug 7 13:23 users01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 10493952 Aug 7 13:23 users02.dbf

[oracle@leoleodb]$ rm -rf users02.dbf

[oracle@leoleodb]$ pwd

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb

此時(shí)通過以下語句查詢發(fā)現(xiàn)users02.dbf狀態(tài)為recover，v$datafile中仍然有該數(shù)據(jù)文件記錄,意識到操作錯誤.

SQL> selectd.tablespace_name,v.file#,d.file_name,d.bytes/1024/1024,v.status,v.enabled,d.autoextensible,d.increment_byfrom dba_data_files d,v$datafile v where d.file_id=v.file#;

TABLESPACE_NAME FILE# FILE_NAME D.BYTES/1024/1024STATUS ENABLED AUT INCREMENT_BY

------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------ ---------- --- ------------

USERS 4/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users01.dbf 5 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 160

UNDOTBS1 3/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/undotbs01.dbf 70 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 640

SYSAUX 2/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/sysaux01.dbf 510 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 1280

SYSTEM 1/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/system01.dbf 740 SYSTEM READ WRITE YES 1280

USERS 5/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf?RECOVERREAD WRITE

SQL>select name from v$datafile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/system01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/sysaux01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/undotbs01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users01.dbf

/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf

說明：成功模擬出異?，F(xiàn)象.

2、解決方案

a、添加同路徑同名數(shù)據(jù)文件

b、RECOVER并ONLINE該文件

c、用正確方法進(jìn)行刪除

操作過程：

SQL>alter database create datafile 5 as '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf'size 10m;

Databasealtered.

[oracle@leoleodb]$ ll

total1531244

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 9748480 Aug 7 14:24 control01.ctl

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:23 redo01.log

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 14:24 redo02.log

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:23 redo03.log

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 534781952 Aug 7 14:24sysaux01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 775954432 Aug 7 14:24system01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 30416896 Aug 7 14:18 temp01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 73408512 Aug 7 14:23 undotbs01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 5251072 Aug 7 13:23 users01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 10493952 Aug 7 14:24 users02.dbf

SQL>recover datafile 5;

Mediarecovery complete.

SQL>alter database datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf' online;

Databasealtered.

SQL>alter tablespace users drop datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf';

Tablespacealtered.

SQL>host ls -l /u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf

ls:cannot access /u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users02.dbf: No such file ordirectory

SQL>selectd.tablespace_name,v.file#,d.file_name,d.bytes/1024/1024,v.status,v.enabled,d.autoextensible,d.increment_byfrom dba_data_files d,v$datafile v where d.file_id=v.file#;

TABLESPACE_NAME FILE# FILE_NAME D.BYTES/1024/1024 STATUS ENABLED AUT INCREMENT_BY

------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------ ---------- --- ------------

USERS 4/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/users01.dbf 5 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 160

UNDOTBS1 3/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/undotbs01.dbf 70 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 640

SYSAUX 2/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/sysaux01.dbf 510 ONLINE READ WRITE YES 1280

SYSTEM 1/u01/app/oracle/oradata/leodb/system01.dbf 740 SYSTEM READ WRITE YES 1280

[oracle@leoleodb]$ ll

total1520996

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 9748480 Aug 7 14:26 control01.ctl

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:23 redo01.log

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 14:26 redo02.log

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 52429312 Aug 7 13:23 redo03.log

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 534781952 Aug 7 14:24sysaux01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 775954432 Aug 7 14:24system01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 30416896 Aug 7 14:18 temp01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 73408512 Aug 7 14:23 undotbs01.dbf

-rw-r-----1 oracle asmadmin 5251072 Aug 7 13:23 users01.dbf

說明：users02.dbf被成功刪除，系統(tǒng)層面及v$datafile中已不存在該文件記錄