正文翻譯

China turns on nuclear-powered 'artificial sun' (upxe)

中國(guó)開(kāi)啟核能“人造太陽(yáng)”

The HL-2M Tokamak reactor is China's largest and most advanced nuclear fusion experimental research device and can reach temperatures of over 150 million degrees Celsius

托卡馬克反應(yīng)堆是中國(guó)最大的最先進(jìn)的核聚變實(shí)驗(yàn)研究裝置，目前其裝置（核心）溫度已超過(guò)1.5億攝氏度以上

China successfully powered up its "artificial sun" nuclear fusion reactor for the first time, state media reported Friday, marking a great advance in the country's nuclear power research capabilities.

據(jù)官方媒體周五報(bào)道，中國(guó)首次成功啟動(dòng)了“人造太陽(yáng)”核聚變反應(yīng)堆，這標(biāo)志著中國(guó)核電研究能力的一偉大進(jìn)步。

It uses a powerful magnetic field to fuse hot plasMa and can reach temperatures of over 150 million degrees Celsius, according to the People's Daily—approximately ten times hotter than the core of the sun.

據(jù)《人民日?qǐng)?bào)》報(bào)道，該裝置利用強(qiáng)大的磁場(chǎng)來(lái)融合熱等離子體，其（核心）溫度可以達(dá)到1.5億攝氏度以上，約為太陽(yáng)核心溫度的10倍。

Located in southwestern Sichuan province and completed late last year, the reactor is often called an "artificial sun" on account of the enormous heat and power it produces.

該反應(yīng)堆位于中國(guó)西南部的四川省，于去年年底完工。由于該裝置可產(chǎn)生巨大熱量和能量而常被稱為“人造太陽(yáng)”。

"The development of nuclear fusion energy is not only a way to solve China's strategic energy needs, but also has great significance for the future sustainable development of China's energy and national economy," said the People's Daily.

《人民日?qǐng)?bào)》表示:“核聚變能源的發(fā)展不僅是解決中國(guó)能源戰(zhàn)略需求的途徑，而且對(duì)未來(lái)中國(guó)能源和國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重大意義。”

Chinese scientists have been working on developing sMaller versions of the nuclear fusion reactor since 2006.

自2006年以來(lái)，中國(guó)科學(xué)家一直致力于開(kāi)發(fā)小型核聚變反應(yīng)堆。

They plan to use the device in collaboration with scientists working on the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor—the world's largest nuclear fusion research project based in France, which is expected to be completed in 2025.

他們計(jì)劃與國(guó)際上研究熱核實(shí)驗(yàn)反應(yīng)科學(xué)家合作使用該設(shè)備。世界上最大的核聚變研究項(xiàng)目位于法國(guó)，預(yù)計(jì)將于2025年完工。

Fusion is considered the Holy Grail of energy and is what powers our sun.

核聚變被譽(yù)為能量圣杯，人造太陽(yáng)。

It merges atomic nuclei to create massive amounts of energy—the opposite of the fission process used in atomic weapons and nuclear power plants, which splits them into fragments.

通過(guò)將原子核合并以產(chǎn)生大量的能量，這與核武器和核電站使用的裂變過(guò)程相反，裂變過(guò)程將原子核分裂成更小的原子碎片。

But achieving fusion is both extremely difficult and prohibitively expensive, with the total cost of ITER estimated at $22.5 billion.

但實(shí)現(xiàn)核聚變非常困難，而且成本高得令人生畏，（位于法國(guó)在建）國(guó)際熱核實(shí)驗(yàn)反應(yīng)堆總成本預(yù)計(jì)耗費(fèi)225億美元。

評(píng)論翻譯

jumbomingus
Lmao, any tiny spark in a tokamak is a fucking “artificial sun” to the editor of online media.
It’s gotten so that I don’t even click the article until after I read some comments because of this style of hyperbole.

笑死我了，對(duì)網(wǎng)媒小編來(lái)說(shuō)，托卡馬克上產(chǎn)生的任何微小火花都TM可以叫做“人造太陽(yáng)”。
看著這種震驚體標(biāo)題我才點(diǎn)進(jìn)來(lái)看的，直到我讀到后面的一些評(píng)論后，我才去看樓主引用的文章。

themorningmosca
Samesies:)

彼此 :)

WeLLrightyOH
Yeah any fusion of hydrogen into helium is technically an artificial sun. Editors really know how spice these headlines up.

沒(méi)錯(cuò)，從技術(shù)上講，氫聚變成氦都可以叫做人造太陽(yáng)。小編知道這種震驚體標(biāo)題會(huì)勾起人們興趣的。

ChiTown_Bound
My question is, what contains all the heat from the fusion? How does something 10x as hot as the core of the Sun not just burn a hole through everything?

我在想，聚變產(chǎn)生的所有熱量咋處理?一個(gè)10倍于太陽(yáng)核心溫度的物體難道不會(huì)把一切都給燒穿嗎?

punman5
This country has proven how successful crash programs can be. The Manhattan Project and the Apollo program both not only achieved their goals within their time frxs, but also led to significant spin offs in technology as much of the research done had applications outside the programs. The reality of science and engineering is that you have to be willing to put the time and resources into it if you ever want to see the end product. It’s a large but relatively short term expense for a long term result that benefits all of society.

這個(gè)國(guó)家證明了追趕計(jì)劃可以做到多成功！曼哈頓計(jì)劃和阿波羅計(jì)劃不僅在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)了目標(biāo)，而且還在這些技術(shù)上發(fā)展出好多相當(dāng)厲害的副產(chǎn)品，因?yàn)楹芏嘁呀?jīng)完成的研究都在計(jì)劃之外得到了應(yīng)用?？茖W(xué)和工程的現(xiàn)實(shí)是，如果你想看到最終產(chǎn)品，你就必須在這上面投入時(shí)間和資源。雖然是一項(xiàng)巨大但相對(duì)短期的投入，但卻得到可以長(zhǎng)期惠及全社會(huì)的科研成果。

jumbomingus
That spherical tokamak in the UK is on the right track and iirc it has every chance of being net positive in a decade or so.

英國(guó)環(huán)形托卡馬克裝置很具有發(fā)展前途。國(guó)際熱核實(shí)驗(yàn)反應(yīng)堆裝置有望在10年左右時(shí)間出成果

sdf_iain
So the question becomes “How much money will China put into fusion?”
Can they drop a ton on fusion? And if they do, when do they have an energy surplus?

所以問(wèn)題就變成了“中國(guó)會(huì)在核聚變上投入多少?”“他們要開(kāi)始大力發(fā)展核聚變嗎?要是這樣，他們什么時(shí)候能達(dá)到能量?jī)糨敵?

trelium06
Every. Single. 10. Years.

要想完全達(dá)到實(shí)用，10年吧

Jpf123
What’s a Tokamak Fusion Reactor?

托卡馬克聚變反應(yīng)堆到底是個(gè)啥？

Iain_MS
A specific type of fussion reactor.
Essentially it is designed to use superheated plasMa contained by powerful magnetic fields to fuse hydrogen isotopes into helium releasing large amounts of energy.
It is still experimental at this stage.

一種特殊類型的熔融反應(yīng)堆。從本質(zhì)上說(shuō)，它的設(shè)計(jì)目的是利用強(qiáng)大磁場(chǎng)中的過(guò)熱等離子體將氫同位素聚變?yōu)楹?，進(jìn)而釋放出大量的能量。不過(guò)現(xiàn)在還處于試驗(yàn)階段。

StoicGoof
Personally, I wish ANY whom are developing clean fusion, the best of luck. I think the competition will be nothing but beneficial.

就我個(gè)人而言，我祝愿所有開(kāi)發(fā)清潔核聚變的人好運(yùn)。我認(rèn)為這場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)只會(huì)帶來(lái)好處。

skuttlebuckets59
After reading these comments I don’t think many people know the difference between fusion and fission and what clean nuclear power means. For those reading, fusion is the goldmine of energy. You basically are taking sMall, light atoms (ie H He Li) and fusing them with other sMall atomic nuclei to create a large atom in the process. This releases an incredible amount of energy, much more so than typical fission nuclear reactor plants. I can’t wait for fusion nuclear to take off.

看了各位的評(píng)論之后，我覺(jué)得很多人都不知道核聚變和核裂變的區(qū)別，也不知道清潔核能意味著什么。對(duì)上過(guò)學(xué)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，核聚變就是能量寶庫(kù)。你基本上是把小而輕的原子(即H和Li)和其他小的原子核進(jìn)行融合，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生一個(gè)大的原子。融合過(guò)程中釋放出難以置信的能量，比典型的裂變核反應(yīng)堆所產(chǎn)生的能量要大得多。我都等不及核聚變成功了。

ex143
If I remember right, prolonged exposure to free neutrons does cause materials to themselves to become unstable isotopes, so fusion does have end of life disposal problems.
But that's low grade nuclear waste and can be dealt with fairly easy.

如果我沒(méi)記錯(cuò)的話，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間暴露在中子照射下確實(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致材料自身變成不穩(wěn)定的同位素，所以核聚變確實(shí)會(huì)有核廢料處理的問(wèn)題。但折中廢料基本無(wú)害，處理起來(lái)比較容易。

CaptainBlobTheSuprem
While fission is fucking terrifying, like atomic bomb terrifying, fusion is pretty tame. The main idea is make some hydrogen get really fucking hot until it slams into each other and becomes helium. Worst case is that the containment is breaches and the plasMa cools back down to gas.

核裂變就跟原子彈一樣可怕，但核聚變卻相當(dāng)溫順。主要思想是讓一些把氫加熱到離子狀態(tài)，直到它們相撞變成氦。最壞的情況是，反應(yīng)容器破裂，等離子體變涼回歸氣態(tài)。

HeyBuddys813
No black holes will be created right?

黑洞不會(huì)被制造出來(lái)吧，是吧？

Obsidiate_
Do you genuinely think if China achieves it first, they'llShare it b) Use it for generally positive purpose?

你認(rèn)為中國(guó)真的能第一個(gè)實(shí)現(xiàn)嗎？如果實(shí)現(xiàn)了a）他們能分享么？b）他們會(huì)應(yīng)用在正面用途上嗎？

StoicGoof
Answering B first, wouldn't you say getting 1.393 Billion people(and the industries that support them) off of fossil fuels is a positive purpose?
A> If they wish to slow/stop/reverse climate change damage, I think they'd better share with the other 6.2 Billion of us.
However, I am sure seeing them achieve it would inspire others to do the same.

先回答下B問(wèn)題，讓一個(gè)13.93億人口的國(guó)家擺脫化石燃料難道不屬于正面用途？如果他們希望減緩/停止/逆轉(zhuǎn)氣候變化的破壞，我認(rèn)為他們最好和其他62億人一起分享。不過(guò)，我確信其他國(guó)家看到他們成功也會(huì)激勵(lì)自己加油的。

balseranapit
Yes. They will. They will sell the technology or build one by Chinese company in other countries. In the way how the global economics work.

是的。他們會(huì)。他們會(huì)出售技術(shù)或中國(guó)公司出國(guó)幫助其他國(guó)家建造。這就是全球經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)作的方式。

feelings_arent_facts
China participates in ITER so that is probably where they are sucking out the tech.

中國(guó)參與了國(guó)際熱核實(shí)驗(yàn)反應(yīng)堆項(xiàng)目（ITER），所以這里可能是他們吸收技術(shù)的地方。

HaMMeReD
China is a member of ITER, this is generating science that gets contributed to that project. So A is already true here, as much as people hate China, they are a member nation in the program and contributing to it's success.

中國(guó)是ITER的成員，它們的科技為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目做出了貢獻(xiàn)。所以分享不會(huì)有問(wèn)題，盡管人們不待見(jiàn)中國(guó)，但他們是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的成員并為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的成功做出了貢獻(xiàn)。

FloopsMcGee
All competition is beneficial

所有的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)都是有益的

nbracy5
Im sorry, but this is definitely NOT the year to turn on a nuclear powered artificial sun.

不好意思，今年還遠(yuǎn)不是開(kāi)啟核能人造太陽(yáng)的那一年。

faverett28
Maybe we can use the light to kill corona virus. That way we don’t have to waste all our bleach on injections /s

也許我們可以用光殺死新冠病毒，這樣的話我們就不用把漂白劑浪費(fèi)在注射上了

faverett28
More suns should help our global warming situation for sure

人造太陽(yáng)越多就越能進(jìn)一步解決全球變暖問(wèn)題

nbracy5
Is the artificial Sun heavier than the earth??

人造太陽(yáng)會(huì)比地球沉么？

harleyquinnUwU
But definitely the year for Spider-man

今年絕對(duì)是產(chǎn)生蜘蛛俠的元年

CheesyRamen66
I always hear we’re only 20 years out from doing that.

無(wú)論什么時(shí)候我都是聽(tīng)說(shuō)還需要20年。

26oclock
China is allright. They even celebrated Oktoberfest recently.

中國(guó)肯定沒(méi)問(wèn)題，他們最近甚至還舉辦啤酒節(jié)慶祝呢。

TRKlausss
I‘m sorry: how is nuclear fusion renewable? I accept that it is clean, I accept that their resources are abundant, and I accept that it is efficient. But how is it renewable?

不明白，核聚變那里是可再生的?我接受它是干凈的，我接受它的燃料資源是豐富的，我接受它是高效的。但是它怎么是再生的呢?

umair_101
Hydrogen is the fuel source

氫是燃料來(lái)源

A-Faris
The magnets aren’t used to fuse the plasMa, they’re used to keep the plasMa floating away from the walls of the reactor. That way it doesnt have to be made of some magically heat immune material.

磁體不是用來(lái)聚合等離子體的，而是用來(lái)讓等離子體遠(yuǎn)離反應(yīng)堆壁。這樣的話，它就勿需用什么神奇的耐熱材料制造了。

ISpikInglisVeriBest
This isn't the first operational fusion reactor and they all work the same way, fundamentally.
They fuse light atoms together and produce heat, "just like the sun".
The article title takes that comparison and goes to town with it, while making it sound like the Chinese just invented fusion, which is false.

這并不是第一個(gè)運(yùn)行的核聚變反應(yīng)堆，從根本上來(lái)說(shuō)，它們的工作方式都是差不多的。
它們將輕原子融合在一起并產(chǎn)生熱量，“就像太陽(yáng)一樣”。
這篇文章的標(biāo)題采用了這一比擬，但卻讓人們感覺(jué)它就像是被中國(guó)人剛剛發(fā)明了了一樣，這是錯(cuò)。

FicklePromise9006
I understand the difference, there are lots of fusion reactors, but none have made worth while net positive results..

我明白其中的區(qū)別，現(xiàn)在有很多核聚變反應(yīng)堆，但是沒(méi)有一個(gè)是有價(jià)值的。

jambottoms
Meanwhile, Americans debate the existence of viruses.

與此同時(shí)，美國(guó)人還在爭(zhēng)論新冠病毒是不是到底真的有呢

Iantrigue
But achieving fusion is both extremely difficult and prohibitively expensive, with the total cost of ITER estimated at $22.5 billion.
That doesn’t sound all that expensive given context.... HS2 I something like ￡100b and that’s just a train going half the length of England.

但實(shí)現(xiàn)核聚變非常困難，而且成本高嚇人，ITER的總成本估計(jì)為225億美元。
在特定背景下，這聽(tīng)起來(lái)并不是很貴……英國(guó)2號(hào)鐵路線造價(jià)約1000億英鎊，這還只是一列才能走半個(gè)英格蘭的高鐵。

Crakla
France spend over 50 billion to build 6 fission reactor which are still not finished after 15 years

法國(guó)花費(fèi)500多億美元建6個(gè)裂變反應(yīng)堆，可15年后還沒(méi)蓋完呢！

Oswald_Bates
Well, it is the French, we have to assume at some point they’ll just give up.

好吧，這是法國(guó)，我認(rèn)為他們肯定會(huì)在某個(gè)時(shí)刻放棄（投降）的！

sioux612
That doesn't seem overly propaganda like.
It's just an article about them powering up their attempt at a fusion reactor for the first time.
There aren't even any claims in there that would need to be fact checked.

這看起來(lái)并不像是夸大宣傳。這只是一篇關(guān)于他們第一次嘗試核聚變反應(yīng)堆的文章。里面甚至沒(méi)有任何需要去核實(shí)的聲明。

Slur-a-Lago
I wonder how many Mandela Effects were created when this powered on.

我想知道當(dāng)這臺(tái)機(jī)器啟動(dòng)時(shí)，產(chǎn)生了多少曼德拉效應(yīng)。（注：曼德拉效應(yīng)，自己的記憶和記錄的歷史不相符，比如80年代的南非總統(tǒng)曼德拉，很多人記憶里他在80年代死在獄中，但他實(shí)際實(shí)在2013年才去世，導(dǎo)致部分人記憶混亂。詞條解釋：知乎）

badApple128
Somehow, I always doubt any legitimate scientific advancement from China. Everything is rushed over there and their results and claims are often over-exaggerated

不知怎么的，我總是懷疑來(lái)自中國(guó)任何科學(xué)突破的正統(tǒng)性。什么都有一種匆忙上馬的感覺(jué)，他們的結(jié)果和主張往往都被夸大了

Murdock07
We have a big problem in the research community with low quality articles getting published. It allows China to “produce more research than any other nation”, but at a very subpar quality. Unless they pick up the same standards as American journals it’s hard to really tell what’s legit and what’s bullshit. There is a reason why they send so many of their graduate students to america to get trained/published

他們?cè)谘芯款I(lǐng)域有一個(gè)大問(wèn)題，就是發(fā)表的文章質(zhì)量很低。他們要求“比其他任何國(guó)家產(chǎn)生更多的研究成果”，但質(zhì)量非常差。除非他們采用與美國(guó)期刊相同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，否則很難真正區(qū)分什么是正統(tǒng)的，什么是扯淡。他們把這么多研究生送到美國(guó)搜尋或發(fā)表是有原因的

crothwood
That doesn't scan. Why would they intentionally ignore the legitimate ones? I think you are highly overexagerating

那是你沒(méi)細(xì)看。他們?yōu)槭裁匆室夂鲆曊y(tǒng)性?我認(rèn)為你太夸大其詞了

JohnnEy93
It started in China, it’ll end in China.

始于中國(guó)，終于中國(guó)

EatYourPain
I think anyone whos watched James Bond die another day knows this is a bad idea

我想任何看過(guò)007死的人都知道這是個(gè)壞主意

middayautumn
Spider-Man 2

蜘蛛人2？

Admiral_Perlo
Propaganda article, nothing new under the sun. The real deal is happening in Fran?e with the ITER Project, that’s what I would watch out for in a 10 year window.

宣傳文章，這個(gè)人造太陽(yáng)不算新鮮事。真正的大事件是法國(guó)的人造太陽(yáng)計(jì)劃，這將是我在10年的時(shí)間里要關(guān)注的。

pmax83
That's space force's lunch money. That's why

那是太空部隊(duì)的午飯錢。 這就是為什么

marauderingman
First, you get the money. Then, you get the power.

首先你得先有錢才能有能力

kicksomedicks
Good thing the US spent 5X that bailing out 600 billionaires. Who want unlimited clean energy anyway?

好消息是，既然美國(guó)幫助自家600名億萬(wàn)富翁紓困解花費(fèi)的錢是這個(gè)數(shù)字的5倍。 那還誰(shuí)想要無(wú)限的清潔能源呢?

noriyukik
It’s nothing than a artificial fire ball isn’t it?

這不就是一個(gè)人造火球嗎，難道不是?

Imyoteacher
America is still trying to revive Coal and summon Angels from Africa.

美國(guó)還在想復(fù)興煤炭產(chǎn)業(yè)，從非洲召喚奴隸呢！

kraenk12
Something the West hast been doing for decades.

這是西方幾十年來(lái)一直在做的事情。

PWEI
This is gonna end badly

這將會(huì)是一個(gè)很糟的結(jié)局

billydude928
Huge progress!

這絕對(duì)是個(gè)巨大進(jìn)步

evolutionxtinct
Don’t worry they most likely stole it from someone else.

別感慨了！沒(méi)準(zhǔn)他們是從別人那里偷來(lái)的技術(shù)呢！

amcsdmi
Wow, Sichuan even has the spiciest nuclear reactors.

哇，四川可算是有最辣的核反應(yīng)堆呦。

PrimaryExchange1
I wonder what country they stole the designs from...

我就想知道他們是從哪個(gè)國(guó)家偷來(lái)的設(shè)計(jì)…

naeads
Russia probably. They designed the concept first.

可能是俄羅斯。是他們首先設(shè)計(jì)了這個(gè)概念。

diomsidney
Or who!

難道就沒(méi)別人了？

N3UROTOXIN
Umm...they were the first ones to turn on a fusion reactor years ago. It listed less than a second but they did. Then germany did.

嗯…… 他們是幾年前啟動(dòng)核聚變反應(yīng)堆的第一波人。產(chǎn)生的輸出才不到一秒，但他們做到了。 而后就是德國(guó)了。

Mr_Owl42
If China got net-positive energy from fusion power, the US would immediately sell off the souls of its robber-barron energy oligarchy and develop fusion power to maintain military dominance. So China doing it first will make the US do it better. It'll be a second cold war, but this time with raw energy - magnets and lasers. Invest in magnets and lasers.

如果中國(guó)從核聚變中獲得能量輸出，美國(guó)將立即拋棄傳統(tǒng)能源轉(zhuǎn)而全力發(fā)展核聚變以維持其軍事統(tǒng)治地位。 所以讓中國(guó)先走一步會(huì)逼得美國(guó)做得更好。 這將是第二次冷戰(zhàn)，但這一次使用的是原始能源——磁體和激光。 加大磁體和激光的投入吧。

homie42085
Havent they done enough to fuck up the world

他們把這個(gè)世界搞的還不足夠糟嗎

FUDGEPOOP
No considering your iPhone, PlayStation, Xbox, speakers, tv, cars, airplanes, are all built in China. So no if anything they’ve allowed the rest of the world to live a comfy life.

難道不知道你的iPhone、PlayStation、Xbox、音箱、電視、汽車、飛機(jī)都是中國(guó)造的嗎？所以，搞糟不可能的。當(dāng)然。如果有什么區(qū)別的話，那就是是他們讓世界其他地方的人過(guò)上了體面舒適的生活。

Quack68
I wonder what US lab China stole it from?

我想知道中國(guó)從哪個(gè)美國(guó)實(shí)驗(yàn)室偷的?

KadirHariri
Oh no not China again … we have enough of Chinas inventions for this year… we still clean up the last mess-.-“

哦，不，他又來(lái)了……

ashtefer1
God damnit China have u not seen Spider-Man 2!?

該死，難道你們沒(méi)看過(guò)《蜘蛛俠2》嗎?