醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)詞匯（中文翻譯版本）

1.基本組成元素

醫(yī)學(xué)英文詞匯來(lái)源于希臘語(yǔ)、拉丁語(yǔ)、人名命名、縮寫(xiě)、現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)言。

組成部分：前綴、詞根、后綴、連接元音

連接元音使用規(guī)則：1用于后綴不是以元音開(kāi)頭的如arthr/o/pathy；2不能用于后綴以元音開(kāi)頭的如hepat/ic；3用于連接部分都是有元音如oste/o/arthr/itis；4不能用于連接前綴和詞根之間如sub/hepat/ic

2.醫(yī)學(xué)單復(fù)數(shù)變化

1vertebra---vertebrae

2diagnosis--diagnoses

3cervix--cervices、appendix--appedics、cortex--cortices

4criterion--criteria、ganglion--ganglia

5bacterium--bacteria

6bronchus--bronchi

7arthritis--arthritides

8phalanx--phalanges

9sarcoma--sarcomata

10thorax--thoraces

3.三十個(gè)常見(jiàn)前綴上

a-/an- not,without ex.acellular,anemia

ab- away from ex.abmoral

ad- toward,near ex.adrenal

anti- against,opposed to ex.antibody

aut-/auto- self,own ex.autoimmune

bi- twice,double ex.bipolar disorder

brady- slow ex.bradycardia

circum- around ex.circumduction

contra- against ex.contraindicate

dys- painful,difficult,bad,abnormal ex.dysfunction

ecto- outside ex.ectopic pregnancy

endo- within, inside ex.endocardium

epi- upon,on,above ex.epidermis

extra- outside ex.extracellular fluid

ex-/exo- out,outside of,outward ex.excision, exocrine glands

4.三十個(gè)常見(jiàn)前綴下

humeo- unchanging,the same,steady ex.homeostasis

hyper- extreme,beyond normal ex.hypertension

hypo- under,beneath,dificient ex.hypotension

infra- below,beneath ex.infraorbital

intra- within,inside ex.intracellular fluid

ipsi- same ex.ipsilateral

mal- bad,abnormal ex.malnutrition

ortho- straight,correct,normal ex.orthopedic

para- near.beyond,beside ex.parathyroid glands

peri- around ex.pericardium

retro- backwoard,behind ex.retroperitoneal

sub-below.under ex.subhepatic

supra- above,over ex.suprarenal glands

tachy- rapid ex.tachycardia

trans- across,through ex.transhepatic biopsy

5.三十個(gè)常見(jiàn)后綴上

6.三十個(gè)常見(jiàn)后綴下

7.三十個(gè)常見(jiàn)構(gòu)詞成分上

8.三十個(gè)常見(jiàn)構(gòu)詞成分中

9.三十個(gè)常見(jiàn)構(gòu)詞成分下

10.十五個(gè)名詞上

11.十五個(gè)名詞下

12.十五個(gè)縮寫(xiě)詞