分享107條Linux 管理員需要知道的command，黑客也需要了解，我也搜藏一下 :)

credit ：sysxplore

1. cut - allows you to cut out sections of a specified file or piped data and print the result to standard output.

2. sort - used to sort files

3. uniq - used to extract uniq occurrences

4. tr - utility for translating or deleting characters.

5 grep - searches a file for a pattern of characters and displays all lines that match.

6. awk - a scripting language used for text processing.

7. sed - stream editor used to perform lots of functions on files, like searching, finding and replacing, insertion, or deletion.

8. pstree - used to show running processes in a tree (data structure).

9. latest - displays a list of the most recently logged-in people.

10. w – display a list of the currently logged-in user sessions.

11. free - use to get a detailed report on the system's memory usage.

12. scp - securely copy files or directories over ssh.

13. find - locates files using user-defined criteria.

14. ncdu - provides a useful and convenient way to view disk usage.

15. ip - used to show or manipulate routing, devices, and tunnels.

16. ls - list the contents of a directory.

17. df - Displays the amount of disk space used.

18. du - display a list of all the files along with their respective sizes.

19. diff - used to display differences in files by comparing line by line.

20. uptime – displays the system uptime as well as the load average.

21. top – shows a real-time view of running processes in Linux.

22. dstat - allows you to view all of your system resources instantly. All-in-one vmstat, iostat, netstat, and ifstat utility.

23. Iftop is a network traffic viewer.

24. nethogs - is a network traffic analyzer.

26. vmstat - used to obtain information about memory, system processes, paging, interrupts, block I/O, disk, and CPU scheduling.

27. htop - a process viewer and manager that is interactive.

28. iostat - provides statistics on storage I/O.

29. netstat -used to show network statistics.

30. ss - ss command is a simpler and faster version of the now obsolete netstat command.31. atop – a tool for monitoring system resources in Linux.

32. ssh –? secure protocol used as the primary means of connecting to Linux servers remotely.

33. sudo - run commands with administrative privileges.

34. cd – navigate between directories.

35. touch – used to create, update a computer file or directory's access and modification dates.

36. man – used to read system reference manuals.

37. apropos – searches manual page names and descriptions for a user-supplied keyword.

38. pwd – displays the current directory path.

39. cp - copy files and directories.

40. mv – move file or directories.

41. rm – deletes files and directories.

42. mkdir - create new directories.

43. rsync - remote file transfer and synchronization.

44. tar - is an archive utility.

45. gzip - use for compression and decompression of files.

46. b2zip - a compression utility comparable to gzip. It employs a distinct compression algorithm.

47. zip – used for file packaging and compression (archiving).

48. locate – in Linux, search for files.

49. ps – allows you to list the status of processes running on your system easily.

50. cron - execute scheduled tasks.

51. mtr - is a network diagnostic tool, a combination of ping and traceroute commands.

52. nslookup - interactively query Internet name servers (NS).

53. host –used for DNS (Domain Name System) lookup operations.

54. dig – DNS lookup tool.

55. nmcli - sused to display network device status, create, edit, activate/deactivate, and delete network connections.

56. ping - sends an ICMP ECHO REQUEST to network hosts.

57. traceroute - examine the path packets follow to reach a specific host.

58. wget - download files through HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, and FTPS.

59. curl – data transport via several network protocols. (Can handle more protocols than wget)

60. dd - used to convert and copy files.

61. fdisk - Modify the disk partition table.

62. parted – used to create and manipulate partition tables.

63. blkid - a command-line utility for finding and printing block device attributes.

64. mkfs - create a Linux file system.

65. fsck - an utility for determining the consistency of a file system.

66. nc -? used for just about anything under the sun involving TCP or UDP.

67. umask - returns, or sets, the value of the system's file mode creation mask.

68. chmod – alters the access rights of file system objects.

69. chown – alter the owner and group of a file.

70. chroot - used to change the root directory.

71. useradd - create a new user or alter the default information for a new user.

72. userdel - used to delete a user account and all associated files.

73. usermod – used to edit or change any existing user account's properties.

74. vi is a text editor.

75. cat – displays the contents of a file.

76. tac – reverse output file contents.

77. more - show file contents one screen/page at a time.

78. less – identical to more, but with more features

79. tail – used to show the last few lines of a text file or piped data.

80. head - used to show the first few lines of a text file or piped data.

81. dmesg – displays the kernel ring's message buffer.

82. journalctl - Tused to view systemd, kernel and journal logs.

83. kill - terminates a process.

84. killall - sends a kill signal to all instances of a specific process.

85. sleep – pauses program execution for a given amount of time.

86. wait – suspend script execution until all background jobs have been completed.

87. nohup - short for no hang up is a command in Linux systems that keep processes running even after exiting the shell or terminal.

88. screen – keep a remote server session open. (It also functions as a full-screen window manager.)

89. tmux is a terminal multiplexer.

90. passwd — Change the password of a user.

91. mount - used to mount the filesystem found on a device to big tree structure(Linux filesystem) rooted at '/'.

92 - umount - unmounts a previously mounted device, directory, file, or file system.

93.? systemctl - used to control and manage systemd and services.

94. alias - defines an alias for the specified command.

95. at - runs a specified script or command at a set later time. 96. atq - shows jobs in the at utility queue.

97. atrm - deletes the specified job from the at utility queue.

98. bash - uses the Bourne Again Shell command language to interpret commands from standard input or a file, or to launch a subshell.

99. bc - Performs calculations via its programming language.

102. chfn - changes the specified user account's current information.

103. chgrp - changes the default group of the specified file or directory.

104. chmod - changes system security permissions for the specified file or directory

105. clear – clears the terminal's screen.

106. env - run a command in an altered environment

107. iotop - is an interactive I/O viewer. Get a snapshot of storage r/w activity.