外刊精讀 |《老干媽》全文逐句翻譯：

The rise of chilli crisp is a study in how foods become fads

辣椒醬的興起可以讓我們研究食物如何風(fēng)靡一時(shí)

In lockdown, people in the West discovered an age-old Chinese condiment

譯文：封城期間，西方人發(fā)現(xiàn)了存在已久的中國(guó)調(diào)味料

重點(diǎn)詞匯：

chilli crisp：辣椒醬

Pepper:n.甜椒

Jalapeno:n.墨西哥甜椒

Fad：n.一時(shí)狂熱

Be all the rage:風(fēng)靡一時(shí)

Computer games are all the rage.

Lockdown:封城

Age-old:adj.古老的，存在已久的

Condiment:n.調(diào)味料

第1段：

For some, cooking during lockdowns was a chance to try out?the kind of time-consuming, intricate?food preparation that the rush?of ordinary life makes impossible. Endless?loaves?of sourdough?were produced, along with bubbling?kombucha.?For others, it was an experience of drudgery.Making three meals a day, especially if your diners?included small children, was tedium?defined—an endless loop of eggs and beans and eggs and toast and beans and toast and eggs.

譯文：對(duì)于一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，封城期間做飯是一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，即嘗試費(fèi)時(shí)、復(fù)雜的食物準(zhǔn)備的機(jī)會(huì)，平常匆忙的生活中不可能擁有這種機(jī)會(huì)。無(wú)盡的酸面包和冒泡的康普茶被做出來(lái)。（即前文說(shuō)的費(fèi)時(shí)復(fù)雜的食物）。?對(duì)另一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一種乏味的經(jīng)歷。一天做三頓飯,尤其你的就餐者包括小孩時(shí)，那真是定義了什么叫做無(wú)聊——無(wú)盡的雞蛋、豆子、雞蛋、吐司、豆子、吐司、雞蛋循環(huán)。

段落大意：就做飯而言，疫情封城期間，不同的人又不同體驗(yàn)。

重點(diǎn)詞匯：

Try out sth.使用某物

Tryout：n.（體育項(xiàng)目）選拔

Intricate:adj.錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的 very complicated and detailed

Rush:n.忙碌

Book now and avoid the last-minute rush

loaf：一條（面包），復(fù)數(shù)loaves?French loaf:n.法式長(zhǎng)棍面包 = baguette

Dough:n.生面團(tuán)

?sourdough :n.酸面團(tuán) ,用酸面團(tuán)做的面包

uncooked dough that is left to ferment before being used to make bread.

Kombucha:n.康普茶，紅茶菌

Drudgery:n.乏味的工作， drudge：n.做乏味工作的人

Diner:n.就餐者

tedium：n.枯燥乏味

tedious：adj.枯燥乏味的

Define:v.給...下定義

I’ll now try to define the term ‘popular culture’.

Loop:n.循環(huán)

例句分析：

For some ,cooking?during lockdowns was a chance?to try out the kind of time-consuming, intricate food preparation?that the rush of ordinary life makes impossible.

第2段：

Enter?condiments. They satisfied both tribes. For the enthusiasts, it was a chance to make the dips?and drizzles usually provided by the local?deli. For the?weary, a jar of something spicy or sour was an easy way to enliven?the umpteenth?cheese toastie. Chilli crisp—a glowing red oil, heady?with chilli and heavy with crisp fragments of?garlic?and?shallots?as well as fermented black beans?and sesame—became the sauce of the moment. The place it has secured in many fridge doors since then hints at?how foods become fashionable.

譯文：

調(diào)味料登場(chǎng)。它們可以滿足前面提到的兩種人。對(duì)做飯愛(ài)好者來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一個(gè)自己制作蘸醬和液態(tài)調(diào)味料的機(jī)會(huì)，（這些蘸醬和調(diào)味料）通常由當(dāng)?shù)厥焓车晏峁?。?duì)于厭倦做飯的人，一罐辣辣的或酸酸的調(diào)味料，很容易給做了無(wú)數(shù)次的烤芝士三明治增加風(fēng)味。

辣椒醬成為了正在風(fēng)靡的調(diào)味料——一種亮紅的油，辣椒味濃郁，這種醬的原料里有大量的大蒜、紅蔥頭、發(fā)酵的黑豆（豆豉）和芝麻。從封城以來(lái)，它（老干媽）在冰箱門(mén)上占據(jù)的一席之地，暗示著食物是怎么變流行的。

段落大意：引出本文主角：老干媽 引出本文主題：老干媽的興起 揭示了食物如何流行起來(lái)

重點(diǎn)詞匯：

Enter:v.（舞臺(tái)）某人上場(chǎng)

Tribe：n.（行為相同的）一群人

The particularly unpleasant tribe who argue over the splitting of restaurant bills

Dip:n.蘸醬

Drizzle:n.毛毛雨，細(xì)雨 n.琳的調(diào)味料

Deli:n.熟食店，熟食柜臺(tái) = delicatessen

delicacy :n.珍饈，佳肴 = delicious adj.美味的

Weary:adj.厭倦的，疲憊的

Enliven:v.使...更有生氣?enlarge:v.使...更大，擴(kuò)大

umpteenth：第無(wú)數(shù)次的

Umpteen：很多，大量

Toastie:三明治 cheese toastie:烤芝士三明治

Heady:adj.醇厚的，令人陶醉的

A heady smell is pleasantly strong and seems to affect you strongly

Garlic:n.大蒜

Shallot:n.紅蔥頭

Ferment black beans:豆豉

Hint :v.暗示，透露 hint at sth.

The Minister hinted at a possible chance of heart.

例句解析：

Chilli crisp—a glowing red oil, heady with?chilli and heavy with?crisp fragments of garlic?and shallots?as well as fermented black beans?and sesame—became the sauce of the moment.

第3段：

People in China may have been bemused?by the?revelatory?joy with which those in countries such as America seized on?chilli crisp. They have been eating varieties of the stuff for centuries. Lao Gan Ma, made in the south-western province of Guizhou, is the most famous brand. Its founder, Tao Huabi, started selling noodles coated with?the sauce in 1989, setting up a factory a few years later. Her face peers?out sternly?from every label on the 1.3m bottles（that） the company says it now produces （1.3m bottles）a day. (Heinz’s?plant in the Netherlands makes about 10m bottles of ketchup?a week.)

譯文：

美國(guó)這些國(guó)家的人突然關(guān)注辣椒醬，帶著一種發(fā)現(xiàn)新事物的喜悅，中國(guó)人可能對(duì)這種喜悅感到不理解。幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，他們（中國(guó)人）吃各種各樣的辣椒醬。老干媽，產(chǎn)自西南省份貴州，是最著名的品牌。它的創(chuàng)始人陶華碧，在1989年開(kāi)始賣(mài)添加了自制辣椒醬的面條，幾年后建立了工廠。據(jù)老干媽公司所說(shuō)，他們現(xiàn)在一天生產(chǎn)130萬(wàn)瓶，陶華碧的臉在130萬(wàn)個(gè)瓶子的每個(gè)標(biāo)簽上嚴(yán)肅地凝視著。（亨氏在荷蘭的工廠每周生產(chǎn)大約1000萬(wàn)瓶番茄醬。）

段落大意：老干媽簡(jiǎn)介：總部，創(chuàng)始人及發(fā)展史，產(chǎn)量。

重點(diǎn)詞匯：

Bemused:adj.茫然地，困惑的 bemused by sth

revelatory：adj.啟示性的revelation:n.被揭示的真相,意想不到的新發(fā)現(xiàn)

Making people aware of something that they did not know before

Example：To many members of her audience , these performances must have come as a revelation.

seized on sth.：突然關(guān)注某事物

Variety:n.種類，品種

coat vt.給……涂上一層?coat sth. With sth.給某物裹上一層某物

Suger-coated :adj.裹上糖衣，粉飾過(guò)的

peer：凝視?peer through/out

Stern:adj.嚴(yán)厲的

“Everyone who picks a jar up must face the stern look of a short-haired woman”

Heinz:n.亨氏

Ketchup:n.番茄醬

第4段：

It took a pandemic?to bring the delicacy?to the rest of the world’s attention. Chilli crisp had many of the necessary characteristics to be a hit. It is spicy, but not overly?so. It is delicious slathered?on noodles, as originally intended, but it can also be added to?fried eggs?and other dishes familiar to Americans.It satisfies humans’ love of crispy foods, rooted?in an evolutionary?preference since crunchiness?is often an indicator of freshness.

譯文：

一場(chǎng)疫情，把這種美味（老干媽）帶到了世界其他國(guó)家的目光之下。辣椒醬具有許多受歡迎的必要特征。它滿足了人類對(duì)酥脆食物的喜愛(ài)，這種喜愛(ài)源于進(jìn)化偏好，因?yàn)樗嗤ǔＪ切迈r的標(biāo)志它辛辣，但是不過(guò)頭。給面條涂上厚厚的一層老干媽很美味，就像它最初的打算那樣（指陶華碧最初賣(mài)的是加了自制醬的面條），但老干媽同樣可以加到煎蛋和其他美國(guó)人熟知的食物里。

段落大意：

辣椒醬風(fēng)靡的原因：適度辣，很百搭，酥脆感

重點(diǎn)詞匯：

It takes sth. To do sth.做某事需要花費(fèi)（時(shí)間，努力等）

It took a few minutes for his eyes to adjust to the dark

slather：v.給…涂抹厚厚的一層

hit：n.大受歡迎的事物?a hit show/musical

It is the public who decide whether a film is a hit or a flop

Overly:adj.過(guò)分的

flop：失敗，不成功

Fried egg:n.煎蛋

Poached egg:水煮荷包蛋

Boiled egg:n.水煮蛋

Scrambled egg:炒蛋

Root: be rooted in sth.起源于某事物

Evolutionary:adj.進(jìn)化的

crunchiness：n.爽脆crunchy :n.爽脆的

例句分析：

It is delicious slathered on noodles, as originally intended, but it can also be added to fried eggs and other dishes familiar to Americans.

第5段：

Usually tastemakers?visit restaurants and interview chefs to immerse?themselves in?what people are cooking and eating, says Kevan Vetter of?McCormick’s Flavour Forecast, which predicts and influences which tastes become popular. In lockdown that was no longer possible. Instead they had to watch what cooks, both home and professional, were making via social media. The answer, along with banana bread, was chilli crisp.

譯文：

味好美口味預(yù)測(cè)欄目的Kevan Vetter說(shuō)，通常，口味引領(lǐng)者會(huì)去餐廳、采訪廚師，讓自己沉浸在人們正在烹飪和吃的食物中。味好美公司預(yù)測(cè)并影響哪些口味會(huì)流行。封城期間這不再可能發(fā)生。（指線下去餐廳）

而他們不得不通過(guò)社交媒體觀看家庭和職業(yè)廚師在做什么。

答案就是辣椒醬還有香蕉面包很火。

段落大意：封城期間探店受阻，引領(lǐng)飲食時(shí)尚的人轉(zhuǎn)而在社交媒體上探索趨勢(shì)，而辣椒醬就成為了最新趨勢(shì)。

重點(diǎn)詞匯：

tastemaker：引領(lǐng)時(shí)尚者?trendsetter

Immerse:v.使...沉浸于 immerse oneself in sth.專注于某事

McCormick：n.味好美

Flavour Forecast：味好美公司的一個(gè)欄目，用于預(yù)測(cè)什么口味會(huì)變得流行

第6段：

Today’s question is not whether people will keep eating it. The liberation?of post-pandemic dining?has not dulled?the delight of the condiment.The East Asian population in America and Britain is growing. Many new brands have joined Lao Gan Ma.Like salsa, which once seemed exotic, chilli crisp is?set?to become a pantry staple.

譯文：

當(dāng)下的問(wèn)題不是人們會(huì)不會(huì)繼續(xù)吃辣椒醬。疫情后用餐的解放沒(méi)有使調(diào)味料（辣椒醬）帶來(lái)的快樂(lè)減輕。美國(guó)和英國(guó)的東亞人口都在增加。 許多新品牌加入了老干媽。就像一度被視為異國(guó)風(fēng)情的莎莎醬，辣椒醬有可能成為食品櫥柜里的?？汀?/p>

段落大意：

后疫情時(shí)代，辣椒醬依然可能是西方餐桌上的?？?/p>

重點(diǎn)詞匯：

Liberation:n.解放 liberate v.解放 = emancipate / emancipation

Dine:v.用餐，進(jìn)餐

Dull：v.減輕，使...遲鈍

set：有可能的???be set to do sth

I was just set to go when the phone rang

Salsa:n.莎莎醬

Exotic：adj.異域風(fēng)味的

pantry：食品櫥柜，茶水間

staple：主要產(chǎn)品，主要食物

第7段：

The question is whether amateurs will keep making it. Nobody bothers making ketchup: as a condiment is?assimilated, people develop a taste for the mass-produced version. And?in the case of chilli crisp, Ms Tao might argue that the commercial option is as authentic as it gets.

譯文：

問(wèn)題是業(yè)余廚師會(huì)不會(huì)繼續(xù)制作辣椒醬。沒(méi)有人會(huì)費(fèi)心去做番茄醬:隨著一種調(diào)味料被同化吸收，人們發(fā)展出一種批量生產(chǎn)版本的口味。至于辣椒醬，陶華碧女士可能會(huì)說(shuō)批量生產(chǎn)的版本也達(dá)到了盡可能正宗的水平。（即批量化生產(chǎn)的和純手工制作的區(qū)別不大）。

段落大意：?jiǎn)栴}在于非專業(yè)廚師是否會(huì)繼續(xù)做辣椒醬，畢竟大家普遍都偏好現(xiàn)成的醬料。

重點(diǎn)詞匯：

Assimilate:v.同化

Mass-produce:v.批量生產(chǎn)

In the case of sth.就某事而言

Sth. Is as adj. As it gets = sth. Is as adj.as anything can be

As good as it gets 達(dá)到了能達(dá)到的最好水平

It’s not a great restaurant , but in this part of the city,it’s as good as it gets.